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Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant

a refrigeration system and fluoroolefin technology, applied in the field of cascade refrigeration system, can solve the problems of global phase out of certain hfc refrigerants, low energy efficiency, toxic replacements, etc., and achieve the effect of lowering the global warming potential

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-08-30
THE CHEMOURS CO FC LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides cascade refrigeration systems that use refrigerants with unique characteristics to meet the demands of low or zero ozone depletion potential and lower global warming potential compared to current refrigerants. These systems have higher energy efficiency and capacity than current systems. The invention also includes a cascade heat exchanger system that uses a fluoroolefin refrigerant and a secondary heat transfer loop to absorb heat from the first refrigerant and reject it to the second refrigerant. The technical effects of the invention include improved environmental friendliness, higher efficiency, and better capacity of refrigeration systems.

Problems solved by technology

Further environmental regulations may ultimately cause global phase out of certain HFC refrigerants.
Many of these suggested replacements are toxic, flammable, and / or have low energy efficiency.

Method used

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  • Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant
  • Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant
  • Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Cooling Performance for Upper Temperature Circuit of a Cascade System

[0121]Table 5 shows the performance of some exemplary compositions as compared to HFC-134a. In Table 5, Evap Pres is evaporator pressure, Cond Pres is condenser pressure, Comp Disch T is compressor discharge temperature, COP is coefficient of performance (analogous to energy efficiency), CAP is capacity, Avg. Temp. glide is the average of the temperature glide in the evaporator and condenser, and GWP is global warming potential. The data are based on the following conditions.

Evaporator temperature−10°C.Condenser temperature40.0°C.Subcool amount6°C.Return gas temperature10°C.Compressor efficiency is70%

[0122]Note that the evaporator superheat enthalpy is not included in cooling capacity and energy efficiency determinations.

TABLE 5ComprCAPCOPAvg.EvapCondDischrelativerelativeTemp.PressPressTempCAPto 134ato 134aGlide,Composition(kPa)(kPa)(° C.)(Kw)(%)COP(%)° C.GWP*HFC-134a200.61016.581.42.2312.74201430HFO-1234yf220.5101...

example 2

Flammability of HFO-1234vf / HFC-134a Mixtures

[0124]Flammable compositions may be identified by testing under ASTM (American Society of Testing and Materials) E681-2004, with an electronic ignition source. Such tests of flammability were conducted on compositions containing HFO-1234yf and HFC-134a at 101 kPa (14.7 psia), 50 percent relative humidity, and about 23° C. (room temperature), 60° C. and 100° C. at various concentrations in air in order to determine if flammable and if so, to find the lower flammability limit (LFL) and the upper flammability limit (UFL). The results are given in Table 6.

TABLE 6% HFO-% HFC-Room Temp.60° C.100° C.1234yf134aLFLUFLLFLUFLLFLUFL50.0050.00non-flammablenon-flammablenon-flammable52.5047.50non-flammablenon-flammablenon-flammable53.1046.9non-flammablenon-flammablenon-flammable53.7546.25non-flammablenon-flammable10.0% (single point)55.0045.00non-flammablenon-flammable9.0%10.5%57.5042.50non-flammablenon-flammable8.0%12.0%59.0041.0non-flammablenon-flammab...

example 3

Cooling Performance for Low Temperature Circuit of a Cascade System

[0126]Table 7 shows the performance of certain compositions as compared to CO2, R404A (ASHRAE designation for a mixture containing HFC-125, HFC-134a, and HFC-143a), R410A (ASHRAE designation for a mixture containing HFC-32 and HFC-125) and HFC-32. In Table 7, Evap Pres is evaporator pressure, Cond Pres is condenser pressure, Comp Disch T is compressor discharge temperature, COP is coefficient of performance (analogous to energy efficiency), CAP is capacity, Avg. Temp. glide is the average of the temperature glide in the evaporator and condenser, and GWP is global warming potential. The data are based on the following conditions.

Evaporator temperature−35°C.Condenser temperature−6°C.Subcool amount0°C.Return gas temperature−25°C.Compressor efficiency is70%

[0127]Note that the evaporator superheat enthalpy is not included in cooling capacity and energy efficiency determinations.

TABLE 7ComprEvapCondDischAvg.PressPressTempC...

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PUM

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a cascade refrigeration system which circulates a refrigerant comprising a fluoroolefin therethrough. The cascade refrigeration system includes a low temperature refrigeration loop and a medium temperature refrigeration loop. The fluoroolefin circulates through either loop, or both. In a particular embodiment, the fluoroolefin circulates through the medium temperature loop. In a particular embodiment, where the cascade refrigeration system includes a first and a second cascade heat exchanger, and a secondary heat transfer loop which extends between the first and second cascade heat exchangers, either the first and / or second refrigerant may be, but need not necessarily be, a fluoroolefin.

Description

BACKGROUND[0001]1. Field of the Disclosure[0002]The present disclosure relates to a cascade refrigeration system which circulates a refrigerant comprising a fluoroolefin therethrough. In particular, such a cascade system includes a medium temperature loop and a low temperature loop, and a fluoroolefin refrigerant may be used in either loop, or both.[0003]2. Description of Related Art[0004]Cascade refrigeration systems are known in the art, see for example, ICR07-B2-358, “CO2-DX Systems for Medium-and Low-Temperature Refrigeration in Supermarket Applications”, T. Sienel, O. Finckh, International Congress of Refrigeration, 2007, Beijing. Such a system typically uses a refrigerant such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) or blends thereof with HFC-125 and HFC-143a (i.e., R404A) in the medium temperature loop and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the low temperature loop to provide cooling to display cases, for instance, in supermarkets.[0005]The refrigeration industry has been working for the p...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): F25B7/00
CPCC09K5/045C09K2205/126C09K2205/22F25B2400/121F25B9/002F25B9/008F25B7/00F25B9/006
Inventor MINOR, BARBARA HAVILANDKONTOMARIS, KONSTANTINOSLECK, THOMAS J.
Owner THE CHEMOURS CO FC LLC
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