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Solar collector

a solar collector and collector technology, applied in the field of solar collectors, can solve the problems of tracking collectors, reducing collector efficiency, and generally more expensive for the same performance characteristics

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-02-28
ROCKWOOL INT AS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0032] In another aspect, the polymeric binder system may be present in a concentration gradient over a thickness of the mineral wool insulation such that a concentra

Problems solved by technology

All-copper collectors for swimming pool heating also work well, but are generally more expensive for the same performance characteristics.
Almost all other metals must be separated from direct contact with the water being heated by a heat exchanger, which seriously reduces the collector efficiency.
Tracking collectors are used to a small extent for domestic water heating and space heating, but are limited in cost effectiveness and reliability by the complexities of the tracking mechanisms, where used.
Heat losses can be severe if either the absorber or tubing touches the case or is supported through heat-conducting materials to the case.
An otherwise well-designed solar collector will experience stagnation temperatures of up to 260° C. that will cause the insulation of this type to outgas and rapidly destroy the effectiveness of the collector by condensation of volatile organic components and formation of visible deposits on the transparent cover (so-called “fogging effect”).
Furthermore, urethane and related products may be prohibited in collectors in fire hazard areas, because of their toxic fume production.
Similarly, insulating materials based on mineral fibers bonded with conventional phenol / formaldehyde resins have the disadvantage of undesired toxic formaldehyde emission at the high working temperatures of solar collectors, in particular, during stagnation periods.

Method used

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Experimental program
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first embodiment

OF MMVF BINDER

[0048] In a first embodiment of the present invention, the formaldehyde-free polymeric binder system comprises the water-soluble reaction product of an alkanolamine with a carboxylic anhydride obtainable by reacting at least one alkanolamine with at least one carboxylic anhydride and, optionally, treating the reaction product with a base.

[0049] Preferred examples of alkanolamines for use in the preparation of this binder system include alkanolamines having at least two hydroxy groups such as, for instance, alkanolamines represented by the formula

wherein R1 is hydrogen, a C1-10 alkyl group or a C1-10 hydroxyalkyl group; and R2 and R3 independently are C1-10 hydroxyalkyl groups.

[0050] Preferably, R2 and R3 independently are C2-5 hydroxyalkyl groups, and R1 is hydrogen, a C1-5 alkyl group or a C2-5 hydroxyalkyl group. Particularly preferred hydroxyalkyl groups include β-hydroxyalkyl groups.

[0051] Specific and non-limiting examples of suitable alkanolamines include d...

second embodiment

OF MMVF BINDER

[0063] In a second aspect of the present invention, the formaldehyde-free polymeric binder system comprises an aqueous binder composition comprising:

[0064] (a) a polyacid component having acid groups, or anhydride or salt derivatives thereof; and

[0065] (b) a polyhydroxy component having hydroxyl groups;

[0066] wherein the pH of the binder composition is greater than about 7 and is preferably within the range of from about 7 to about 10.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the composition includes a polyacid component and a polyhydroxy component where the ratio of the number of molar equivalents of acid groups, or anhydride or salt derivatives thereof, present on the polyacid component to the number of molar equivalents of hydroxyl groups present on the polyhydroxy component is in the range of from about 0.6:1 to about 1.2:1.

[0068] In another exemplary embodiment, the composition includes a polyacid component that is a dicarboxylic acid, including, but not limited to,...

third embodiment

OF MMVF BINDER

[0077] In a third aspect of the present invention, the formaldehyde-free polymeric binder system comprises a binder composition comprising a polycarboxy polymer (especially a polyacrylic acid polymer), a polyhydroxy crosslinking agent, and a surfactant selected from cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0078] The binder composition is prepared by polymerization of monomers (preferably acrylic acid) emulsified in water using conventional emulsion polymerization procedures. Suitable surfactants are used for emulsification of the monomers, including cationic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof, with nonionic surfactants being preferred.

[0079] The binder composition comprises an organic polymer or oligomer containing a plurality of pendant carboxy groups which may be a homopolymer or copolymer prepared from unsaturated carboxylic acids including acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, isocro...

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Abstract

A solar collector which comprises a mineral wool insulation based on man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) which are bonded by a formaldehyde-free polymeric binder system. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of European Patent Application No. 06017564.3, filed Aug. 23, 2006, and of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 859,498, filed Nov. 17, 2006. The disclosures of these applications are expressly incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention relates to a solar collector, in particular, a flat-plate collector, having a mineral wool insulation based on man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) which are bonded by a formaldehyde-free polymeric binder system. [0004] 2. Discussion of Background Information [0005] Solar collectors transform solar radiation into heat and transfer that heat to a medium (water, solar fluid, or air). The solar heat can, for instance, be used for heating water, to back up heating systems or for heating swimming pools. [0006] Solar collectors can be classified into two maj...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): F24J2/51
CPCC03C25/26Y02E10/40Y02B10/20F24J2/515F24S80/65
Inventor KONIETZNY, THOMAS MAREKHANSEN, ERLING LENNART
Owner ROCKWOOL INT AS
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