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Gas dispersion manufacture of nanoparticulates, and nanoparticulate-containing products and processing thereof

a technology of nanoparticulate and gas dispersion, which is applied in the field of nanoparticulate materials, can solve the problems of forming, processing, transporting and using nanoparticulates, affecting and not providing the same advantages. it can achieve the effect of promoting the formation of nanoparticulate materials

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-08-02
CABOT CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention addresses problems with agglomeration that may occur during the manufacture, processing, handling, and use of nanoparticulates. The invention involves making nanoparticulates in a dispersed state within multi-phase particles, which are maintained in the dispersed state by a matrix. The multi-phase particles can be formed in a gas dispersion under controlled conditions, such as not permitting the average stream temperature of the gas dispersion to exceed a melting temperature for more than a short time. The multi-phase particles can also be decomposed in a liquid medium to release the nanoparticulates for dispersion in the liquid medium. The invention also includes processing the multi-phase particles by surface-modifying the nanoparticulates and / or modifying at least one of the matrix and the nanoparticulates while the nanoparticulates remain in the dispersed state of the multi-phase particles. The invention also includes making multi-phase particles with a selectively removable matrix or nanoparticulates of different compositions.

Problems solved by technology

One common problem faced by these methods is the tendency of the nanoparticulates to agglomerate because of their high surface area.
Once the nanoparticulates have agglomerated, often they do not provide the same advantages achieved when the individual nanoparticulates are in a dispersed state.
Consequently, the tendency of nanoparticulates to agglomerate makes the forming, processing, handling, transporting and use of nanoparticulates problematic.
Complicating matters is that separating or redispersing nanoparticulates once they have agglomerated is difficult to do.

Method used

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  • Gas dispersion manufacture of nanoparticulates, and nanoparticulate-containing products and processing thereof
  • Gas dispersion manufacture of nanoparticulates, and nanoparticulate-containing products and processing thereof
  • Gas dispersion manufacture of nanoparticulates, and nanoparticulate-containing products and processing thereof

Examples

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Effect test

example 1

Iron Oxide Nanoparticulates and Salt Matrix

[0165] Several precursor mediums are prepared containing: Fe(NO3)3.9H2O, as a precursor to iron oxide nanoparticulates; a salt, NaNO3 or NaCl, as a precursor to a matrix material and deionized water. The precursor mediums are processed into a powder containing multi-phase particles including iron oxide nanoparticulates in a salt matrix, which is dissolved away in a subequent step. The weight ratio of Fe(NO3)3.9H2O to salt in the precursor mediums is varied between 1:2 and 1:8, based on the final amount of iron oxide desired in the multi-phase particles. The precursor mediums are processed using a spray pyrolysis system that generates droplets of the precursor mediums, using an ultrasonic generator, and heats the droplets in a tubular hot wall reactor at temperatures ranging from 400° C. to 1000° C. The processing conditions for the production of the powders containing the multi-phase particles are summarized in Table 14.

[0166] Thermogravi...

example 2

Phosphor Nanoparticulates and Salt Matrix

[0181] Precursor mediums are prepared for making powders containing multi-phase particles with phosphor nanoparticulates, having the general composition Na(Y,Yb,Er)F4 nominally including 69 mol % Y, 30 mol % Yb and 1 mol % Er. The following precursors are included in the precursor mediums: Y2(CO3)2.xH2O, Er2(CO3)3.xH2O, Yb2(CO3)3.xH2O and NaHCO3. As a first step to the preparation of the precursor mediums, HOfAc is added to the carbonate precursors to form the corresponding metal trifluoracetates. Complete reaction of the precursors to the metal trifluoracetates is indicated by the presence of a clear precursor solution. A matrix precursor is then dissolved in the clear precursor solution. NaNO3, NaF or NaCl are dissolved in the precursor medium as precursors for a salt matrix. The different precursor mediums prepared are listed in Table 15. Each precursor medium also includes an excess of HOfAc.

TABLE 15Precursor MediumsPhosphorMatrixPrecu...

example 3

Yttria Nanoparticulates and Salt Matrix

[0194] A precursor medium containing yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, Y(NO3)3 6H2O and sodium nitrate NaNO3, dissolved in deionized water is prepared. The precursor medium contains: [0195] Y(NO3)3*6H2O 85 g [0196] NaNO3 101.9 g [0197] H2O 200 g

[0198] The precursor medium is sprayed out of a pump spray bottle onto a hotplate. The hotplate has a sheet of foil and a glass plate, onto which the precursor medium is sprayed. The glass plate is at a temperature of 300° C. The resulting deposit is scraped off of the glass plate and is then heated in a porcelain crucible using a box furnace. The box furnace is operated by being ramped up at 15° C. / minute to a temperature of 550° C. and held at 550° C. for 12 minutes, then cooled at about 10° C. / minute.

[0199] After processing the powder, examination indicates that the salt matrix melted during heating in the furnace. Also, some of the salt matrix vaporizes during the thermal treatment in the furnace, but ...

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Abstract

In one aspect, the present invention relates to a method of making multi-phase particles that include nanoparticulates and matrix, which maintains the nanoparticulates in a dispersed state. A flowing gas dispersion is generated that includes droplets of a precursor medium dispersed in a gas phase. The precursor medium contains liquid vehicle and at least a first precursor to a first material and a second precursor to a second material. The multi-phase particles are formed from the gas dispersion by removing at least a portion of the liquid vehicle from the droplets of precursor medium. The nanoparticulates in the multi-phase particles include the first material and the matrix in the multi-phase particles includes the second material.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to nanoparticulate materials, products containing and made using nanoparticulate materials, and methods of making and processing nanoparticulate materials. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Nanoparticulate materials, and methods for making nanoparticulate materials, have been the subject of recent interest and research because of the advantages provided by nanoparticulate materials over larger sized particulate materials. One advantage of nanoparticulates is increased surface area, which is useful in a variety of applications, including catalyst, electrocatalyst, absorbent, chemical separations and bio-separation applications. Nanoparticulates are also useful in formulations of inks, pastes and tapes that are used in depositing thin or thick films, such as optically transparent conductors for use in displays, magnetic coatings for storage media and printed circuitry for electronic applications. Inks and pastes with nanopar...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K9/14B29B9/00
CPCB01J13/0043B29B9/12B01J13/0095B01J13/0047
Inventor KODAS, TOIVO T.HAMPDEN-SMITH, MARK J.KUNZE, KLAUSDERICOTTE, DAVID E.VANHEUSDEN, KARELSTUMP, AARON D.
Owner CABOT CORP
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