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Self-contained heating unit and drug-supply unit employing same

a self-contained heating and drug supply technology, applied in the direction of heat inorganic powder coating, food heating containers, indirect carbon-dioxide mitigation, etc., can solve the problems of high cost, bulky ohmic heating, and substantial delay of seconds or minutes between the time heating is initiated and the maximum temperatur

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-04-14
ALEXZA PHARMA INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

Certain embodiments include heating units comprising an enclosure and a solid fuel capable o

Problems solved by technology

However, in many ohmic heating systems, and in particular for small systems where limited energy is available, such as, for example, when using batteries, there can be a substantial delay on the order of seconds or minutes between the time heating is initiated and maximum temperature is achieved.
Moreover, for small devices, such as for example, portable medical devices, where the power source comprises a battery, ohmic heating can be expensive and bulky.

Method used

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  • Self-contained heating unit and drug-supply unit employing same
  • Self-contained heating unit and drug-supply unit employing same
  • Self-contained heating unit and drug-supply unit employing same

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Preparation of Solid Fuel with Laponite

The following procedure was used to prepare solid fuel coatings comprising 76.16% Zr: 19.04% MoO3: 4.8% Laponite® RDS.

To prepare wet Zirconium (Zr), the as-obtained suspension of Zr in DI water (Chemetall, Germany) was agitated on a roto-mixer for 30 minutes. Ten to 40 mL of the wet Zr was dispensed into a 50 mL centrifuge tube and centrifuged (Sorvall 6200RT) for 30 minutes at 3,200 rpm. The DI water was removed to leave a wet Zr pellet.

To prepare a 15% Laponite® RDS solution, 85 grams of DI water was added to a beaker. While stirring, 15 grams of Laponite® RDS (Southern Clay Products, Gonzalez, Tex.) was added, and the suspension stirred for 30 minutes.

The reactant slurry was prepared by first removing the wet Zr pellet as previously prepared from the centrifuge tube and placed in a beaker. Upon weighing the wet Zr pellet, the weight of dry Zr was determined from the following equation: Dry Zr (g)=0.8234 (Wet Zr (g))−0.1059.

The amou...

example 2

Measurement of Internal Pressure

Thin film heating units were used to measure the peak internal pressure and the peak temperature of the exterior surface of the substrate following ignition of the solid fuel.

The thin film heating units were substantially as described in Example 9 below and as illustrated in FIGS. 10A and 10B. Two, 2×2 square inch, 0.004 inch thick 304 stainless steel foils formed the substrates. A solid fuel comprising 76.16 wt % Zr, 19.04% MoO3, 4.8% Laponite® RDS and water was coated onto the interior surface of the stainless steel substrates. The thickness of the solid fuel layer was 0.0018±0.0003 inches. The layer of solid fuel covered an area of 1.69 in2 and after drying, the weight of the solid fuel disposed on the interior surface of each substrate was 0.165 to 0.190 grams. The spacer comprised a 0.24 inch thick section of polycarbonate (Makrolon). The ignition assembly comprised a FR-4 printed circuit board having a 0.03 inch diameter opening at the end t...

example 3

Thermal Images of Heating Unit

A solid fuel consisting of a mixture of zirconium (40.6 wt %), MoO3 (21.9 wt %), and KClO3 (1.9 wt %), nitrocellulose (0.6 wt %), and diatomaceous earth (35 wt %) was prepared. The solid fuel was placed in a 0.030-inch gap between a stainless steel substrate (0.015 inch wall thickness) and a stainless steel backing member (0.015 inch wall thickness). The diameter of the substrate was {fraction (9 / 16)} inch. The fuel was ignited, and thermal images of the heating unit were taken as a function of time after ignition. The results are shown in FIGS. 4A-4F.

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Abstract

Heating units, drug supply units and drug delivery articles capable of rapid heating are disclosed. Heating units comprising a substrate and a solid fuel capable of undergoing an exothermic metal oxidation reaction disposed within the substrate are disclosed. Drug supply units and drug delivery articles wherein a solid fuel is configured to heat a substrate to a temperature sufficient to rapidly thermally vaporize a drug disposed thereon are also disclosed.

Description

FIELD This disclosure relates to heating units capable of rapid heating and to articles and methods employing such heating units. INTRODUCTION Self-contained heat sources are employed in a wide-range of industries, from food industries for heating food and drink, to outdoor recreation industries for providing hand and foot warmers, to medical applications for inhalation devices. Many self-contained heating sources are based on either an exothermic chemical reaction or on ohmic heating. For example, self-heating units that produce heat by an exothermic chemical reaction often have at least two compartments, one for holding a heat-producing composition and one for holding an activating solution. The two compartments are separated by a frangible seal, that when broken allows mixing of the components to initiate an exothermic reaction to generate heat. (see for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,628,304; 4,773,389; 6,289,889). This type of non-combustible, self-heating unit is suitable for heat...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01N25/00A61K35/00A61K47/00A61M11/04B05D1/18B65D81/34C06B33/00C06B33/06C06C7/00C06C9/00C09K5/18C23C24/08F21K5/00F24V30/00H01J49/04H01L21/26H01L21/324H01L21/42H01L21/477
CPCA61M11/041A61M11/047A61M2016/0021A61M2016/0027A61M2202/064A61M2205/364A61M2205/3653A61M2205/8268B01B1/005C06B33/00C06B45/14C09K5/18F23B2900/00003F23C2900/99008F24J1/00Y02E20/346A61M11/042A61M15/06A61M11/048B65B29/10F24V30/00Y02E20/34A61M11/00A61M2205/36
Inventor DAMANI, RAMESHHALE, RON L.MYERS, DANIEL J.QUINTANA, REYNALDO J.SOLAS, DENNIS W.SONG, SOONHOSONI, PRAVINTOM, CURTIS
Owner ALEXZA PHARMA INC
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