Ferritic stainless steel sheet with excellent workability and method for making the same

Abstract

A ferritic stainless steel sheet for use in automobile fuel tanks and fuel pipes having smooth surface and resistance to organic acid is provided. The sheet contains, by mass, not more than about 0.1% C, not more than about 1.0 Si, not more than about 1.5% Mn, not more than about 0.06% P, not more than about 0.03% S, about 11% to about 23% Cr, not more than about 2.0% Ni, about 0.5% to about 3.0% Mo, not more than about 1.0% Al, not more than about 0.04% N, at least one of not more than about 0.8% Nb and not more than about 1.0% Ti, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, satisfying the relationship: 18<=Nb / (C+N)+2Ti / (C+N)<=60, wherein C, N, Nb, and Ti in the relationship represent the C, N, Nb, and Ti contents by mass percent, respectively. A process for making the same is also provided.

Description

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention[0002] This invention relates to ferritic stainless steel sheets having excellent deep-drawability and surface smoothness applicable to home electric appliances, kitchen appliances, construction, and automobile components and to methods for making the same. In particular, the invention relates to a ferritic stainless steel sheet suitable for use in automobile fuel tanks and fuel pipes which are made by high deformation such as deep drawing and pipe expanding, and are highly resistant to organic fuels such as gasoline and methanol which contain organic acids produced in the ambient environment. A method for making the same is also provided.[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art[0004] Ferritic stainless steels which do not contain large amounts of nickel (Ni) are cost effective compared with austenitic stainless steels and are free of stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Due to these advantages, ferritic stainless steels have been used in various industri...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0010] In view of the above, a first object of the invention is to provide a ferritic stainless steel exhibiting enhanced deep-drawability which is suitable for application to automobile fuel tanks and pipes by improving the r-value to 2.0 or more and provide a method for making the same.

[0018] Based on our research, we found that application of a lubricant coat containing acrylic resin as the primary component on the surface of the steel sheet at an amount within a predetermined range improves the sliding property during press forming and reduce the dynamic friction coefficient between the ferrite stainless steel and pressing dies. Thus, "galling" can be prevented and products of further complicated shapes can be manufactured.

[0019] In order to attain the above-described objects, we conducted extensive research on improvement of the corrosion resistance with deteriorated gasoline, deep drawability, and surface roughness after processing required for applying ferritic stainless steels to automobile fuel components. We found that the corrosion resistance with deteriorated gasoline can be effectively improved by including about 0.5 mass percent (hereinafter, simply referred to as %) of Mo, controlling the sum Cr+3.3Mo (pitting index) to not less than about 18%, and inhibiting the rough surface after processing. We also found that the disadvantages of including large amounts of Mo, i.e., degradation in deep drawability and generation of rough surfaces, can be overcome by performing cold rolling at least twice with an intermediate annealing process therebetween and by optimizing the manufacturing conditions such as crystal grain sizes during cold rolling. Moreover, we found that the dynamic friction coefficient between ferritic stainless steel sheets and dies can be reduced by coating the steel sheet surface with a lubricant coat to improve sliding properties during forming. Thus, the ferritic stainless steel sheets can be formed into products having more complex shapes.

Problems solved by technology

However, known ferritic stainless steels exhibit low elongation of approximately 30% and are thereby inferior to austenitic stainless steels, for example, SUS 304, in workability.

Known ferritic stainless steels do not have sufficient workability for high deformation such as deep drawing, and typically, press forming, and are not suitable for mass production.

Because of these problems concerning formability, the use of ferritic stainless steel in various fields such as automobiles, construction, and home electric appliances has been severely limited.

In this technology, however, the r-value is only about 1.8;hence, application to fuel tanks requiring complex forming by deep drawing and to fuel pipes requiring pipe-expansion and bending is difficult.

Moreover, even if applied at all, defect rates are high and mass production is not practical.

Lead-free Al--Si based plating materials are unreliable in terms of weldability and long-term corrosion resistance and the application thereof is thus limited.

Resinous materials have been applied to fuel tanks, but since these materials naturally allow minute amounts of fuel to permeate, the industrial use thereof is inevitably limited under fuel transpiration and recycling regulations.

Although austenitic stainless steels are superior in formability and corrosion resistance to ferritic stainless steels, they are expensive for use in fuel tanks and may suffer from stress corrosion cracking (SCC).

Thus, the use of austenitic stainless steels has not been practical.

However, no investigation has specified suitable compositions for attaining these goals.

As previously described, the r-value of the known ferritic stainless steels is only approximately 2.0 at most, and application of ferritic stainless steels to pressed components requiring extensive deep drawing has not been achieved.

Another problem with ferritic stainless steels is the generation of rough surfaces after pressing by deep drawing.

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