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Method for preparing biological diesel oil using nano solid acid or alkali catalyst

A biodiesel, solid acid technology, applied in the preparation of biological raw materials, biofuels, liquid hydrocarbon mixtures, etc., can solve the problems of poor repeated use performance, catalysts cannot be recycled and reused, environmental pollution, etc., and achieves improved repeatability. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-11-08
INST OF OIL CROPS RES CHINESE ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Traditional homogeneous catalysts usually use liquid acids and bases, mainly concentrated sulfuric acid, NaOH, KOH, etc. The significant defects of these liquid catalysts are that the products after the reaction need to be neutralized and washed, causing environmental pollution, and the by-product glycerin phase contains more impurities , is not easy to purify, and the catalyst cannot be recycled and reused
[0003] Therefore, there are more and more research reports on solid catalytic conversion of biodiesel. In China Oils and Fats [. In the article "Experimental Research", the one-time esterification rate of tin tetrachloride used is above 97%, but the performance of repeated use is poor
In the published patent technology, as described in CN1580190A and CN1664072A, the method of preparing biodiesel by using ordinary solid acid and alkali catalysis can simplify the process and avoid pollution to the environment, but the repeated use performance is a problem that needs to be considered

Method used

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  • Method for preparing biological diesel oil using nano solid acid or alkali catalyst

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0019] Raw materials: cold-rolled rapeseed crude oil, methanol, nano hydrotalcite (MgAl(O) / MgFe 2 o 4 );

[0020] Add 200g of cold-rolled rapeseed crude oil and 60g of methanol by weight into a 500ml three-neck round-bottomed flask, place in an electric heating thermostat, stir evenly, and then add 5g of nanometer hydrotalcite (MgAl(O) / MgFe 2 o 4 ), heated to 70°C, methanol was refluxed and stirred for 5 hours, then stopped heating and stirring. Then the reactant was poured into a centrifuge cup, and the crude methyl ester and crude glycerin were separated by centrifugation, and the methanol was removed by rotary distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 198.67g of biodiesel, with a yield of 99.34%, and 19.87g of glycerin, which was measured by GB / T 13216.6-91 The glycerol content is 98%, and the theoretical glycerin yield is 20g, that is, the biodiesel conversion rate is above 97.36%. The absolute content of fatty acid methyl ester in the biodiesel product was determi...

Embodiment 2

[0025] Raw materials: degummed soybean oil, methanol, K + / nano-Al 2 o 3 , K + / Common Al2 o 3 ;

[0026] Put 200g of degummed soybean oil and 60g of methanol into a 500ml three-neck round-bottomed flask by weight, place it in an electric heating thermostat, stir evenly, and then add 5g of nanometer solid catalyst: K + / nano-Al2O3, heated to 70°C, methanol was refluxed and stirred for 5 hours, then stopped heating and stirring. Then the reactant was poured into a centrifuge cup, and the crude methyl ester and crude glycerin were separated by centrifugation, and the methanol was removed by rotary distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 199.50 g of biodiesel, with a yield of 99.75%, and 19.69 g of glycerin, which was measured by GB / T 13216.6-91 The obtained glycerol content is 97.98%, and the theoretical glycerin yield is 20g, that is, the biodiesel conversion rate is 96.46%. The absolute content of fatty acid methyl ester in the biodiesel product was determined by g...

Embodiment approach 3

[0031] Raw materials: waste cooking oil with an acid value of 24mgKOH / g, methanol, nano-solid superacid: ZrO 2 / SiO 2 , ordinary solid superacid: ZrO 2 / SiO 2

[0032] The waste cooking oil collected by weight is first settled and filtered to obtain raw oil with an impurity content of less than 0.1%, and its acid value is measured to be 24 mgKOH / g. Add 200g of treated waste cooking oil and 60g of methanol into a 500ml three-neck round bottom flask, stir evenly, then add 5g of nano-solid superacid: ZrO 2 / SiO 2 , heated to methanol reflux temperature, stirred and reacted for 5 hours, then stopped heating and stirring, poured out the reactant and centrifuged, obtained crude methyl ester and crude glycerol to remove methanol, obtained biodiesel product 199.86g, yield 99.93%, by-product glycerin 19.81g , the glycerol content is 97.08%, and the biodiesel conversion rate is 96.16%. The absolute content of methyl esters in biodiesel products was determined by gas chromatography...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to process of preparing low carbon alkyl ester and biological diesel oil by means of nanometer solid acid or alkali catalyst. Under the action of catalyst in the amount of 1-20 wt% of animal and vegetable oil, low carbon alcohol and animal and vegetable oil in the molar ratio of 3.5-40 to 1 are reacted at the pressure from normal to 25 MPa and temperature of 40-100 deg.c to produce coarse methyl ester and glycerin, which are centrifugally separated and distilled to obtain low carbon alcohol, or neutral biological diesel oil and glycerin, separately. The present invention has biological diesel oil converting rate up to 96% and yield up to 99%, and the product meets the ASTM D 6751-02 standard. The nanometer solid acid or alkali catalyst may be used repeatedly for 3-100 times in producing biological diesel oil, and the product needs no neutralization and washing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing fatty acid low-carbon alkyl ester—biodiesel by catalysis of nano-scale solid acid or alkali, which belongs to the application field of oil chemistry and chemical industry. Background technique [0002] Biodiesel is a green and renewable energy that can be used as a high-quality substitute for petrochemical diesel. It uses animal oil, vegetable oil, waste cooking oil, etc. as raw materials, and carries out transesterification reaction with low-carbon alcohol (1-4 carbon atoms) under certain conditions, and the obtained product is biodiesel (low-carbon alkyl ester of fatty acid) , the by-product is glycerin. Traditional homogeneous catalysts usually use liquid acids and bases, mainly concentrated sulfuric acid, NaOH, KOH, etc. The significant defects of these liquid catalysts are that the products after the reaction need to be neutralized and washed, causing environmental pollution, and the by-product glyc...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10G3/00
CPCY02E50/10Y02P30/20
Inventor 黄凤洪郭萍梅黄庆德李文林黄沁洁杨湄夏伏建王江薇钮琰星刘昌盛程小英
Owner INST OF OIL CROPS RES CHINESE ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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