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Fireproof flame-retardant polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof

A polyurethane foam, fire and flame retardant technology, applied in the field of organic materials, can solve the problems of inability to achieve fire prevention and heat insulation, and it is difficult to form a fireproof shell, and achieve the effects of suppressing heat release, increasing oxygen index, and improving fire resistance.

Pending Publication Date: 2022-04-26
UNIV OF SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The reasons are: 1) Polyurethane and some organic flame retardants evaporate or degrade at high temperature, making it difficult to form a stable fireproof shell
2) The charcoal layer formed by polyurethane combustion can still be ignited above 500-600°C, which cannot achieve long-term fire prevention and heat insulation
Therefore, the development of polyurethane fireproof foam still faces great challenges

Method used

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  • Fireproof flame-retardant polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof
  • Fireproof flame-retardant polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof
  • Fireproof flame-retardant polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0055] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the fire-resistant and flame-retardant polyurethane foam described in the above-mentioned technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0056] a) mixing polyether polyol, low-melting glass powder, starch, expandable graphite and water to obtain a compound;

[0057] b) mixing and foaming the mixture with isocyanate to obtain polyurethane foam.

[0058] Wherein, the types and amounts of the polyether polyol, low-melting glass powder, starch, expandable graphite, water and isocyanate are consistent with those described in the above technical solution, and will not be repeated here.

[0059] Regarding step a): In the present invention, there is no special limitation on the method of mixing polyether polyol, low-melting glass powder, starch, expandable graphite and water, and the materials are mixed according to the conventional mixing method well known to those skilled in the art You can, such as stirring t...

Embodiment 1～7 and comparative example 1～3

[0066] Embodiment 1~7 and comparative example 1~3: the preparation of polyurethane foam material

[0067] Stir and mix polyether polyol, low-melting glass powder, starch, expandable graphite and water evenly at room temperature to obtain a mixture. Stir and mix the mixture with isocyanate, and let it stand for foaming at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a polyurethane foam material. See Table 1 for the raw material proportions of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-3. In addition, according to the GB / T 8333 standard, each sample was tested for vertical combustion rating, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] The raw material formula of table 1 embodiment 1~10 and comparative examples 1~3

[0069] Sample serial number Diisocyanate Polyether polyol Low melting point glass powder starch expandable graphite water Example 1 (1#) 50 50 20 20 20 0.2 Comparative example 1 (2#) 50 50 0 20 20 0.2 Embodiment 2 (3#) 5...

Embodiment 8

[0070] Embodiment 8: flame retardancy test

[0071] According to the GB / T 8333 standard, each sample was tested for vertical combustion rating, and the results are shown in Table 2. At the same time, the JF-3 oxygen index measuring instrument (Nanjing Jiangning Analytical Instrument Co., Ltd., China) was used to test the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of each sample according to the GB / T 2046 test standard. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0072] The flame retardancy of table 2 embodiment 1~10 and comparative example 1~3 sample

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from the vertical combustion rating test results in Table 2, Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 can all reach the V-0 rating, showing good flame retardancy, while Comparative Example 3 (8#) did not Reaching the flame retardant grade in the standard does not have flame retardancy. It is proved that without adding expandable graphite, the flame retardancy of the material will be reduced.

[0075] Take the...

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Abstract

The invention provides fireproof flame-retardant polyurethane foam and a preparation method thereof. The fireproof flame-retardant polyurethane foam provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 to 60 parts of polyether polyol, 40 to 60 parts of isocyanate, 10 to 30 parts of low-melting-point glass powder, 10 to 30 parts of starch, 10 to 40 parts of expansible graphite and 0 to 0.5 part of water. The fireproof polyurethane foam is prepared by matching the polyether polyol, the isocyanate, the low-melting-point glass powder, the starch, the expandable graphite and the water according to a certain proportion, the polyether polyol and the isocyanate react to form polyurethane, and the combination of the low-melting-point glass powder, the starch and the expandable graphite has a synergistic effect on the fireproof performance of the polyurethane foam; the flame retardance of the material can also be improved, so that the material achieves excellent flame retardance and fireproof and fire-resistant performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of organic materials, in particular to a fire-proof and flame-retardant polyurethane foam and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Polyurethane (PU) foam is a porous material made by reacting polyols and isocyanates with blowing agents. Polyurethane foams are used in a wide range of applications in the construction, automotive and electronics industries, which require materials with excellent properties in various aspects, such as electrical / thermal insulation, water blocking and fire protection. In these scenarios where polyurethane foam is used, the fire safety requirements are very high. However, polyurethane foam is highly flammable because its porous structure allows oxygen to easily diffuse into the foam, speeding up the ignition process. [0003] Some phosphorus / nitrogen-containing flame retardants or inorganic filler flame retardants have been used in polyurethane foams, but reports an...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08G18/48C08L75/08C08L3/02C08K3/40C08K3/04C08G101/00
CPCC08G18/4854C08L75/08C08G2101/00C08L2201/02C08L3/02C08K3/40C08K3/04
Inventor 刘和文岳子棋
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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