Preparation method of polyaniline material with three-dimensional hierarchical micro-nano structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a polyaniline material with a three-dimensional graded micro-nano structure, and belongs to the field of preparation of high polymer materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving an aniline monomer and an oxidizing agent in a strong acid solution, freezing the aniline monomer or oxidizing agent solution into ice, pouring the pre-cooled oxidizing agent or aniline monomer solution onto an ice layer, freezing the materials into ice, finally transferring the frozen ice blocks into a low-temperature environment to carry out polymerization reaction, and obtaining the three-dimensional hierarchical polyaniline materials with different morphologies. According to the method, soft and hard templates are not needed, an organic solvent is not needed, and the reaction time is shorter. The polymerization reaction is carried out in a strong acid environment, the conductive characteristic of polyaniline is ensured, and the hierarchical structure can be regulated and controlled by changing the adding sequence of reactants and the size of an ice layer or adopting a multi-layer freezing mode. The method is simple and controllable in preparation process, high in sample purity, unique in morphology and suitable for large-scale preparation, and has wide application potential in the fields of energy storage materials, adsorption materials, sensing materials, electromagnetic shielding materials, conductive functional materials and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of preparation of polymer materials, in particular to a preparation method of micro-nano structured polyaniline materials. Background technique [0002] Nanostructured polyaniline with specific morphology, especially polyaniline with three-dimensional hierarchical micro-nano structure, because of its large specific surface area, high conductivity and highly reversible doping-dedoping process, especially possesses Taking advantage of the advantages of common nanomaterials, it can avoid the problem of easy agglomeration of nanomaterials in the application process, and then can give full play to the advantages of nanostructured polyaniline, making this type of material show stronger application potential in many fields. At present, there have been many work reports on polyaniline with micro-nano structure, and the polyaniline synthesized shows different morphology structures, such as helical structure [CN103910880A], r...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For the hard template method, it is necessary to synthesize a template with a specific structure first, while the soft template is difficult to avoid the damage to the polyaniline structure in the subsequent template removal process, especially these methods often require three-dimensional structure assembly in a weak acid environment, generally The synthesized polyaniline has relatively poor conductivity; while the interface method requires the use of organic solvents, which are often toxic

More importantly, these methods can only synthesize one or several polyanilines with similar morphological structures, and the cumbersome process solutions are difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale preparation of micro-nano structured polyaniline.

Images