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Dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on negative electrode surface solid/liquid phase conversion

A technology of alkali metal ion and liquid phase conversion, applied in the field of alkali metal ion batteries, can solve the problems of poor cycle performance of lithium metal negative electrodes, contact between positive and negative electrodes, electrolyte decomposition, etc., achieve high capacity, improve charge and discharge capacity, and high Effect of Energy Density and Tap Density

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-11-19
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the cycle performance of the lithium metal negative electrode is poor. Due to the serious lithium dendrites deposited by the lithium ions on the surface of the lithium metal, the electrolyte solution continues to decompose, eventually piercing the separator, causing the positive and negative electrodes to contact and causing thermal runaway.

Method used

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  • Dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on negative electrode surface solid/liquid phase conversion
  • Dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on negative electrode surface solid/liquid phase conversion
  • Dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on negative electrode surface solid/liquid phase conversion

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0044] A dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase conversion on the surface of the negative electrode. The sodium metal sheet is used as the negative electrode of the battery, the potassium metal sheet is used as the positive electrode of the battery, and the electrolyte is 0.8mol / L KPF 6 Dissolved in ethylene carbonate (EC) diethyl carbonate: diethyl carbonate (DEC): fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in a solvent with a mass ratio of 4:4:2 to prepare a simulated battery.

[0045] A dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase transformation on the surface of the negative electrode described in this embodiment, the prepared simulated battery uses an electrochemical workstation, and adopts an electrochemical method of constant current charge and discharge, firstly conducts a 1mA / cm 2 The current density is charged, and the charging time is 3h.

[0046] A dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase t...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0052] A dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase transformation on the surface of the negative electrode, the material of the positive electrode sheet is a positive electrode material containing potassium ions. The detailed preparation method: prepare 25ml 0.4mol / L anhydrous potassium ferrocyanide For liquid A, prepare 25ml of 0.4mol / L anhydrous ferric chloride as liquid B, prepare 150ml of 0.5mol / L potassium chloride as liquid C, add liquid A and liquid B dropwise into liquid C, and keep stirring to produce rapidly precipitation. Aged at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifuged and washed three times with deionized water and absolute ethanol respectively, and dried in vacuum at 80° C. for 24 hours to prepare the Prussian blue potassium active material.

[0053] A kind of dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on negative electrode surface solid / liquid phase conversion described in this embodiment, weigh 0.4g of Prussian blue potassium ac...

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0057] A dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase transformation on the surface of the negative electrode, the material of the positive electrode sheet is a positive electrode material containing potassium ions. The detailed preparation method: prepare 160ml 1mmol anhydrous potassium ferrocyanide as A liquid , prepare 40ml2mmol anhydrous ferric chloride as B liquid, add B liquid into A liquid dropwise, and keep stirring, and precipitate rapidly. Aged at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifuged and washed three times with deionized water and absolute ethanol respectively, and dried in vacuum at 80° C. for 24 hours to prepare the Prussian blue potassium active material.

[0058] A dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase transformation on the surface of the negative electrode described in this embodiment, weighs 0.4g of Prussian blue potassium active material, 0.05g of conductive carbon and 0.05g of PVDF, and paste, an...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on negative electrode surface solid / liquid phase conversion, which belongs to the field of alkali metal ion batteries. Before the battery is assembled, the material of the negative pole piece is one of metal sodium, metal potassium, metal sodium loaded on the surface of a three-dimensional carrier or metal potassium, the material of the positive pole piece is one of a sodium ion-containing positive pole material and a potassium ion-containing positive pole material, and the electrolyte is the electrolyte containing active sodium ions or potassium ions. The liquid alloy is formed in situ on the surface of the solid negative electrode through the charging and discharging process of the battery. Based on an alkali metal battery, a liquid alloy is formed in the charging process and is attached to the surface of metal sodium, and a two-phase structure of a surface liquid phase and a body solid phase is formed. In the discharging process, a surface liquid phase loses the metal potassium and is converted into a solid phase from the liquid phase, so that conversion of the solid phase and the liquid phase is realized in the charging and discharging process, the high-rate charging and discharging capability is improved, the generation of alkali dendrites is inhibited, and the circulation capability and the safety are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of alkali metal ion batteries; in particular, it relates to a dendrite-free alkali metal ion battery based on the solid / liquid phase conversion on the negative electrode surface. Background technique [0002] Energy is considered to be one of the most important components of the economy. Since Volt invented the first battery 200 years ago, chemical power sources have made great progress, with a variety of positive and negative electrode combinations and a variety of electrolytes Selectivity, and relying on the reversible intercalation / extraction of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes, improves the capacity of lithium-ion batteries. The 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry rewarded three scientists who promoted the development of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density, no memory effect, and negligible self-discharge, and are becoming more and more popular especially in port...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/054H01M10/058
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/054H01M10/058H01M2004/027Y02P70/50Y02E60/10
Inventor 马玉林高云智陈波赵钰吴勇民汤卫平
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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