Design method of ecological bank protection hydro-fluctuation belt plant population

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of an ecological bank protection hydro-fluctuation belt plant population. The design method comprises the following steps: dividing a river and lake slope into three gradients, namely an underwater slope protection area, a hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection area and a bank protection slope area from bottom to top; and then, sequentially selecting perennial herbaceous plants which are resistant to deep flooding, longest in flooding-resistant period and resistant to barren, perennial wetland herbaceous plants which are long in flooding-resistant period and wetland shrub plants which are short in flooding-resistant time and flooding depth as restoration plants of all areas. According to the method, ecological restoration is performed on the hydro- fluctuation belt bank slope with high water level fall and long waterflooding stress in the type of summer-abundance and winter-shortage by analyzing the growth law, growth characteristics and tolerance of plants and combining the engineering technology, the purposes of restoring the ecology of the hydro-fluctuation belt, beautifying the landscape and reducing water and soil loss are achieved, the ecological restoration effect is good, the green restoration speed is high, and the application range is wide.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological revetment and greening, and in particular relates to a design method of flora species in a water-fluctuation zone of an ecological revetment. Background technique [0002] Ecological bank revetment is a new form of bank revetment that uses plants or plants combined with civil engineering to protect river slopes. It integrates flood control effect, ecological effect, landscape effect and self-purification effect, and mainly adopts natural embankment with plant embankment, stone and wood bottom protection. It is the current mainstream form of slope water and soil protection to refer to and adopt the natural river and coast form as much as possible and avoid destroying the balance of the natural ecosystem in the form of buildings. [0003] Due to the long flood season (>180d) and the vertical distance of the water-fluctuation zone is too high (>10m), the utilization of plants in the ecologi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Due to the long flood season (>180d) and the vertical distance of the water-fluctuation zone is too high (>10m), the utilization of plants in the ecological revetment will be affected by long-term flooding stress, most of the plants are not suitable for this application, and the bank slope area is exposed The area is large and the time is long, seriously affecting the slope landscape

Moreover, the flooding period is concentrated in summer, and the ability of plants to withstand flooding in summer is far inferior to that in winter. Secondly, there are also problems such as temperature stress and poor soil, so it is difficult to choose plants in the water-fluctuation zone; the soil in the water-fluctuation zone is easily washed by water bodies The basic conditions for plant growth will be continuously destroyed, especially in some areas where rocks are the main area, and soil erosion is serious; the storage and regulation cycle of the reservoir has a great impact on the growth of plants, and the high water season of the reservoir is from March to August. The flowering and fruiting of some plants is concentrated in this cycle, and the high water period is the same as the plant physiological cycle, which seriously affects the normal physiological process of plants and is unfavorable to plant growth.

[0004] At present, there are few ecological revetment technologies that can be directly applied to the ecological restoration of bank revetments in the water-fluctuating zone with the flooding pattern of "summer abundant and winter dry". Technology to control the water-fluctuating zone of river and lake slopes