Heat treatment technology for preparing high-performance low-residual-stress aluminum alloy

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat treatment technology for preparing a high-performance low-residual-stress aluminum alloy, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys. The heat treatment technology comprises the following steps: step 1, annealing treatment: heating an aluminum alloy casting to 280-300 DEG C, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and cooling to room temperature; step 2, deformation treatment: placing the sample obtained in the step 1 in a cooling box with the temperature ranging from -190 DEG C to -120 DEG C, so that the sample is deformed, wherein the cryogenic time ranges from 5 min to 10 min, and the deformation amount of the sample ranges from 10% to 30%; and step 3, quenching treatment: quenching by a quenching medium which is selected from a mixture of dry ice and acetone, ice water at the temperature of -68 DEG C, water at the room temperature, water at the temperature of 80-90 DEG C, water at the temperature of 100 DEG C, atomized water, various oils including rapeseed oil and the like, various oils heated to the temperature of 200-220 DEG C and air. According to the heat treatment technology, the aluminum alloy can be deformed through deformation treatment, the aluminum alloy is transferred into a high-temperature medium for heat preservation after being subjected to cryogenic deformation, and the residual stress can be remarkably reduced while the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloys, in particular to a heat treatment technology for preparing high-performance low-residual-stress aluminum alloys. Background technique [0002] Aluminum alloy is the most widely used non-ferrous metal structural material in industry. It has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industry. With the rapid development of industrial economy, the demand for aluminum alloy welded structural parts is increasing The increase in weldability of aluminum alloys has also deepened, and aluminum and aluminum alloys can be smelted in various ways. Commonly used are coreless induction furnaces and slot induction furnaces, crucible furnaces and reflective open hearth furnaces (using natural gas or fuel oil combustion), resistance furnaces and electric radiation furnaces. A wide range of charges can be used, from high-quality pre-alloyed ingo...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment technology for preparing high-performance low-residual stress aluminum alloys to solve the existing problems: currently aluminum alloys are the most widely used alloys, and aluminum alloys need to be heat-treated when they are used. Methods to eliminate residual stress include thermal aging and annealing, etc. The residual stress reduction rate of the thermal aging method is only about 35%, and the efficiency is low