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Carbonic ester electrolyte and metal lithium battery

A technology of carbonates and electrolytes, applied in electrolytes, secondary batteries, secondary battery repair/maintenance, etc., can solve the problems of low oxidation cut-off voltage, low nitrate solubility, and inability to match high-voltage positive electrode materials, etc., to achieve improved The effect of solubility

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-16
SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the low solubility of nitrate in carbonate electrolytes, it can only be used in ether electrolytes, and the oxidation cut-off voltage of ether electrolytes is low, which cannot be matched with high-voltage cathode materials, thus limiting Its application in metal lithium batteries with high energy density

Method used

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  • Carbonic ester electrolyte and metal lithium battery
  • Carbonic ester electrolyte and metal lithium battery
  • Carbonic ester electrolyte and metal lithium battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0038] Electrolyte preparation:

[0039] Prepare 10 mL of electrolyte in an argon protective glove box at room temperature.

[0040] First, 0.01mol LiPF 6 Add to the mixed solvent of fluoroethylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of fluoroethylene carbonate: ethylene carbonate: diethyl carbonate is 2:9:9 . Add 0.001 mol of rubidium nitrate and 0.001 mol of 18-crown-6 into the mixed solution, stir thoroughly for 1 hour to obtain a uniform electrolyte, wherein the cation (Rb) in rubidium nitrate + The ratio of the diameter D1 of ) to the diameter D2 of the central cavity of 18-crown-6 is 1.

[0041] Preparation of metal lithium battery:

[0042]Copper foil was used as the positive electrode, lithium foil was used as the negative electrode, and Celgard separator was used as the separator, and 60 μL of the electrolyte solution prepared above was used to assemble a button cell.

Embodiment 2

[0044] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in the preparation of the electrolyte, rubidium nitrate is replaced by potassium nitrate.

Embodiment 3

[0046] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that in the preparation of the electrolyte, rubidium nitrate is replaced by sodium nitrate, and 18-crown-6 is replaced by 15-crown-5.

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Abstract

The invention provides a carbonic ester electrolyte which comprises lithium salt, nitrate, a cosolvent and a solvent, wherein the cosolvent comprises crown ether and derivatives thereof, the molecular structure of the cosolvent has holes, and a ratio of the diameter D1 of cations in the nitrate to the diameter D2 of the holes in the cosolvent is 0.7-1.3. The cosolvent in the electrolyte provided by the invention is helpful for improving the solubility of nitrate, and can be combined with cations in the nitrate to form a stable coordination compound, so that the coulombic efficiency of the metal lithium battery is improved. The invention further provides a metal lithium battery prepared from the carbonic ester electrolyte.

Description

technical field [0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium metal secondary batteries, in particular to a carbonate electrolyte and a lithium metal battery. Background technique [0002] The lithium metal anode has a high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAh g -1 ) and low electrode potential (-3.04 V), and thus has great development potential as an ideal anode for metal-ion batteries with the highest theoretical energy density. However, lithium metal anodes are prone to form lithium dendrites during charging and discharging, leading to battery short circuits, and surface solid electrolyte interface (SEI) ruptures will lead to problems such as electrolyte consumption and decreased Coulombic efficiency. [0003] Generally, additives (such as nitrate) can be added to the electrolyte to mediate the lithium ion deposition behavior, improve the lithium ion conductivity of SEI, improve the physical and chemical properties of SEI, and inhibit the gro...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/0525H01M10/42
CPCH01M10/0567H01M10/0525H01M10/4235H01M2300/0091Y02E60/10
Inventor 吕伟谷思辰康飞宇杨全红
Owner SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL TSINGHUA UNIV
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