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Silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite negative electrode material

A lithium-ion battery, silicon oxide technology, applied in battery electrodes, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, negative electrodes, etc., can solve problems such as agglomeration, incomplete layer structure, poor stability, etc., and achieve reduced volume expansion. , The effect of less capacity loss and maintaining structural stability

Active Publication Date: 2021-02-12
博尔特新材料(银川)有限公司
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  • Abstract
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Problems solved by technology

[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned background technology, the composite anode materials prepared in the prior art have severe agglomeration, SiO x layer structure incomplete and poor stability, in order to improve the capacity, cycle performance and rate performance of lithium-ion battery negative electrode materials, the invention provides a silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material and its preparation method and battery, through the original The double-core-shell structure formed by the site can improve the structural stability of nano-silicon and enhance its electrochemical performance. The silicon oxide inner cladding layer can effectively inhibit the volume expansion of nano-silicon, and the amorphous carbon outer cladding layer helps to improve the interfacial stability. Electron transport and enhanced interfacial SEI film stability, thereby enhancing the structural stability and electrochemical performance of the composite

Method used

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  • Silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite negative electrode material
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  • Silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite negative electrode material

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preparation example Construction

[0045] The preparation method of the silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery, the silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery, comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. Preparation of nano-silicon particles: preparing nano-silicon ions with a size of 20-300 nm;

[0047] S2. Nano Si@SiO x Preparation of core-shell structure materials:

[0048] In-situ oxidation treatment of the prepared nano-silicon powder in an oxidizing agent to prepare Si@SiO with controllable thickness x Core-shell structure material, SiO x The thickness of the shell layer is controllable, and the size can be 1-50nm;

[0049] S3. Purification treatment:

[0050] Si@SiO prepared above x The core-shell structure material is treated with acidification to remove soluble metal ions, and then washed with pure water for at least 3 times before use;

[0051] S4. Mixing and dispersing:

[0052] The puri...

Embodiment 1

[0071] S1. Preparation of nano-silicon particles

[0072] Using QM-3SP04 planetary ball mill, zirconia balls as the ball milling medium, micron-sized silicon powder as the raw material, ball-material ratio of 20:1, ball milling at 500r / min for 12 hours to obtain spherical nano-silica powder, silicon powder particles The size is 100nm.

[0073] S2. Nano Si@SiO x Preparation of core-shell structure materials

[0074] Treat the above-prepared nano-silicon powder in an oxygen atmosphere at 500 °C for 3 h to prepare Si@SiO with a silicon oxide inner layer thickness of 14 nm x Core-shell structural materials.

[0075] S3. Purification treatment

[0076] Si@SiO prepared above x The core-shell structure material was acidified with 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid for 1 h to remove soluble metal ions, and then washed with pure water for 3 times.

[0077] S4. Mixing and dispersing

[0078] The purified Si@SiO x The core-shell structure material and sucrose are ultrasonically pre-disper...

Embodiment 2

[0090] S1. Preparation of nano-silicon particles

[0091] Using QM-3SP04 planetary ball mill, using zirconia balls as the ball milling medium, micron-sized silicon powder as the raw material, the ratio of ball to material is 20:1, and the solution of ethanol and water (volume ratio 50:50) at 300r / min The slurry of nano-silicon powder was prepared by ball milling for 24 hours, and the particle size of the silicon was 300 nm.

[0092] S2. Nano Si@SiO x Preparation of core-shell structure materials

[0093] Treat the prepared nano-silicon powder with 0.5mol / L potassium permanganate solution for 0.5h to prepare Si@SiO with a thickness of 2nm x Core-shell structural materials.

[0094] S3. Purification treatment

[0095] Si@SiO prepared above x The core-shell structure material was treated with 2mol / L acetic acid solution to remove soluble metal ions, and then washed with pure water for 4 times.

[0096] S4. Mixing and dispersing

[0097] The purified Si@SiO x The core-shel...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, a preparation method of the negative electrode material and the battery, and discloses a preparation method of a silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery, the silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material and the battery. The silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material prepared by adopting an in-situ oxidation method and a high-temperature pyrolysis method has a core-shell structure, and the obtained shell structure is stable andfirm in structure. According to the invention, a lithium storage active phase SiOx and an amorphous pyrolytic carbon coating layer are generated on the surface of the nano-silicon through the dual-core shell structure, volume expansion in the charging and discharging process of the nano-silicon can be well buffered on the premise that the capacity is not remarkably reduced, the high conductivity and stability of the pyrolytic carbon coating layer are helpful for enhancing the stability of the Si@SiOx and electrolyte interface SEI film, so that the composite material has high capacity, excellent rate capability and cycle performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method and battery of a negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, in particular to a silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and a lithium battery using the silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite negative electrode material ion battery. Background technique [0002] At present, commercialized lithium-ion batteries mainly use artificial graphite and natural graphite as negative electrode active materials, but the theoretical specific capacity of graphite is only 372mAh / g, which is relatively low. The energy density of the battery system composed of positive electrode materials is generally 150Wh / Kg; at the same time, the lithium intercalation potential of graphite is close to the lithium deposition potential, and it is easy to decompose lithium to form lithium dendrites during low-temperature charging or high-rate charging and discharging, ca...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/48H01M4/583H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCH01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/483H01M4/583H01M10/0525B82Y30/00H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 杨丹候佼王兴蔚贺超孙永林马少宁马勇候春平
Owner 博尔特新材料(银川)有限公司
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