Production method and production system for extracting oil in oil sludge

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method and a production system for extracting oil in oil sludge. An oil sludge pyrolysis device comprises a rotary drum, wherein the open end of the rotary drum iscommunicated with a fixed cylindrical discharge end socket, and the rotary drum is in rotary sealing fit with the discharge end socket; a spiral guide plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum, the rotary drum rotates, and the spiral guide plate pushes and throws oil sludge; oil steam and residues after pyrolysis are discharged from the discharging seal head; a decoking and crushing device in the rotary drum comprises a fixed shaft parallel to the axis of the rotary drum, a plurality of decoking tooth claws are arranged on the fixed shaft at intervals in the axial direction, the handle ends of the decoking tooth claws are rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft in a sleeving mode, the claw ends elastically press and contact the inner wall of the rotary drum through springs, and the rotating direction of the claw ends is opposite to that of the rotary drum under the action of the springs; the decoking tooth claws grab and dig the inner wall of the rotary drum along with the rotation of the rotary drum to remove inner wall cokes and crush oil sludge blocks. The method realizes continuous industrial production of extracting the oil in the oil sludge, and is high inpyrolysis efficiency, thorough in harmless treatment of the oil sludge and high in oil recovery rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, and in particular relates to a device and method for treating oily sludge by pyrolysis and extracting oil therefrom. Background technique [0002] Oily sludge (hereinafter referred to as oil sludge) mainly comes from the cabins of oil tankers and various oil storage facilities. Substances such as sand heavy metal salts have complex components and belong to a relatively stable multiphase system. They are one of the important pollution sources causing pollution in the port area and have been included in the national hazardous waste list. Currently, the commonly used technologies for treating oily sludge are as follows: [0003] (1) Incineration technology: the treatment is thorough and can achieve reduction, but the cost of secondary pollution control is high, the waste is large, and it is not suitable for large-scale treatment; [0004] (2) Solidified landfill technology: simple an...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] (1) Incineration technology: the treatment is thorough and can achieve reduction, but the cost of secondary pollution control is high, the waste is large, and it is not suitable for large-scale treatment;

[0004] (2) Solidified landfill technology: simple and easy to implement, fast in processing speed, and low in cost, but it cannot achieve reduction, and new environmental hazards may appear due to permanent land occupation;

[0005] (3) Hot washing-centrifugal dehydration technology: low technical content, simple operation and high efficiency, but the secondary pollution is serious, and the residue cannot meet the soil standard;

[0006] (4) Coking technology: the treatment is thorough and the effect is obvious, but the demand for production facilities is large;

[0007] (5) Ultrasonic technology: small investment and short construction period, but it is difficult to meet the needs of industrialization;

[0008] (6) Microbial technology: easy to operate, long-lasting effect, no secondary pollution, low treatment cost, but not suitable for waste with high oil content, and has high requirements on environmental conditions;

[0009] (7) Solvent extraction technology: easy to operate continuously, most of the crude oil can be recovered, and the solvent can be recycled, but the use process is long, the process is complicated, and the treatment cost is high

In this process, since the screw conveyor composed of hollow shaft and helical blades is used to transport the oil sludge inside the cracking device, due to the sticky characteristics of the oil sludge, the oil sludge is easy to stick into lumps during the process of pushing the oil sludge by the screw blades, resulting in poor heating. Uniformity, resulting in insufficient cracking, incomplete sludge harmless treatment, low oil recovery rate in sludge, etc.

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