Method for nutrient emission reduction and crop stable yield maintenance in vegetable and rice crop rotation field

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for nutrient emission reduction and crop stable yield maintenance in a vegetable and rice crop rotation field and belongs to the technical field of agricultural non-point source pollution control and crop production. Particularly, in the production process of the vegetable and rice crop rotation field, the effects of vegetable and rice crop rotation field soil runoff nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient emission reduction, crop stable and high yields and commodity character improvement are realized by the aid of the vegetable season appropriate biochar combined application technology and the vegetable season residual phosphorus rice season utilization technology. With the adoption of the technology, the rice crop rotation field soil runoff water nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are reduced by 20.81% and 50.92% respectively, and the rice whole growing season nitrogen and phosphorus loss amounts are remarkably reduced by 20.81% and 50.92% respectively. Further, with the adoption of the technology, the vegetable and rice crop rotation field nitrogen and phosphorus runoff annual loss amounts are remarkably reduced by 12.88% and 42.24% respectively, and the vegetable and rice crop rotation field nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss rates are remarkably reduced by 12.28% and 20.88% respectively. At the same time, with the adoption of the technology, the crop high and stable yields can be maintained, the cabbage head sphericity index and the compactness are improved by 1.94% and 2.54% respectively, and the cabbage commodity character is remarkably improved.

Description

[0001] Technical field: [0002] The invention relates to a method for reducing nutrient discharge and maintaining stable crop yield in vegetable and rice rotation farmland, and belongs to the technical fields of agricultural non-point source pollution control and crop production. [0003] Background technique: [0004] Vegetable land is one of the important land use methods in the Taihu Lake Basin. According to statistics, in 2013, the planting area of ​​open field vegetables in Jiangsu Province was about 7.69×10 5 hm 2 . Since continuous planting of vegetables will cause continuous cropping obstacles such as salt return and soil-borne diseases, and the over-enrichment of nutrients in the cultivated layer of vegetable fields, the risk of loss will increase sharply. Vegetable-rice (referred to as vegetable rice) rotation is a new planting system developed in recent years, which has positive environmental effects (compared with vegetable continuous cropping system) and higher...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Reduced nitrogen application has a significant effect of reducing nutrient emission in paddy fields, which can reduce 30% to 40% nitrogen runoff loss and 32.3% seepage loss in paddy fields. However, long-term weight loss will significantly reduce rice yield; Planting nutrient-enriching plants in the pond, intercepting the nutrient loss of farmland surface runoff can significantly reduce the non-point source pollution of rice fields, but the construction cost of ecological pond reconstruction is high, and it takes up a lot of farmland, and the follow-up management and maintenance process is relatively cumbersome; The interception system of fertilized area and non-fertilized area and then using the paddy field in the non-fertilized area to intercept the loss of nutrients in the paddy field has a significant nutrient emission reduction effect, but this system is difficult to popularize and apply in the practice of large-scale rice production

So far, from the perspective of the vegetable-rice rotation system, there are few technical approaches to coordinate nutrient emission reduction and crop high and stable yield

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