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Method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure acid leaching

A waste cathode carbon block and ultrasonic technology, applied in the removal of solid waste and other directions, can solve the problems of restricting process promotion, high environmental protection pressure, and high processing cost, achieving efficient comprehensive recovery, shortening acid leaching time, and improving flotation effect. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-11-09
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0010] At present, there are not many recovery and treatment processes for aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks suitable for industrial applications, and the existing drawbacks also restrict the further promotion of the process. These drawbacks mainly include complex processes, serious corrosion of equipment, and inability to effectively recycle valuable substances. , high processing costs, high pressure on environmental protection, high energy consumption, etc.

Method used

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  • Method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure acid leaching

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0044]Take 100g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, and the measured content of main elements is (wt%): C 54.38, Al 13.41, O 7.54, F 9.62, Na 9.56.

[0045] step one

[0046] Crushing the waste cathode carbon block of the aluminum electrolytic cell to obtain spare granules, wherein the spare granules have a particle diameter of less than 200 meshes accounting for 90% of the total mass of the spare granules;

[0047] step two

[0048] Prepare the spare granules obtained in step 1 and water to form a slurry at a liquid-solid ratio of 2:1, and process the slurry in an ultrasonic environment for 15 minutes with an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz and a power of 200W;

[0049] The pulp after ultrasonic treatment and water are prepared as an alternative slurry for flotation. The waste cathode carbon block powder in the alternative slurry accounts for 25% of the total mass; No. 2 oil is selected as the foaming agent, and the flotati...

Embodiment 2

[0083] Take 200g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, and the measured content of main elements is (wt%): C 54.38, Al 13.41, O 7.54, F 9.62, Na 9.56.

[0084] step one

[0085] Crushing the waste cathode carbon blocks of the aluminum electrolytic cell to obtain spare granules, wherein the spare granules have a particle diameter of less than 200 meshes accounting for 100% of the total mass of the spare granules;

[0086] step two

[0087] Prepare the spare granules obtained in step 1 and water to form a slurry at a liquid-solid ratio of 2:1, and process the slurry in an ultrasonic environment for 20 minutes, with an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz and a power of 150W;

[0088] The pulp after ultrasonic treatment and water are prepared as an alternative slurry for flotation. The waste cathode carbon block powder in the alternative slurry accounts for 10% of the total mass; No. 2 oil is selected as the foaming agent, and the flo...

Embodiment 3

[0097] Take 300g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, and the measured main element contents are (wt%): C 54.38, Al 13.41, O 7.54, F 9.62, Na 9.56.

[0098] step one

[0099] Crushing the waste cathode carbon blocks of the aluminum electrolytic cell to obtain spare granules, wherein the spare granules have a particle diameter of less than 200 meshes accounting for 80% of the total mass of the spare granules;

[0100] step two

[0101] The spare granules obtained in step 1 and water are formulated into a slurry at a liquid-solid ratio of 1:1, and the slurry is treated in an ultrasonic environment for 5 minutes, with an ultrasonic frequency of 25KHz and a power of 400W;

[0102] The pulp after ultrasonic treatment and water are prepared as an alternative slurry for flotation. The waste and old cathode carbon block powder in the alternative slurry accounts for 30% of the total mass; No. 2 oil is selected as the foaming agent, ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure acid leaching, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of aluminum electrolysis solid waste resources. The method comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment after crushing and grinding the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, carrying out floatation on pretreated powder to obtain electrolyte residues and carbon residues, and reusing the wastewater of floatation; removing carbon impurities after the electrolyte residues are subjected to microwave heating to obtain electrolyte powder with high purity, and carrying out pressure acid leaching on the carbon residues to remove solvend so as to obtain carbon powder with high purity; and carrying out absorption treatment on the gas generated during acid leaching with alkali liquor, carrying out evaporative crystallization on filter liquor to separate out sediment of sodium salt and aluminum salt, and reusing distilled water. According to the method, through collaborative assistance action among ultrasonic pretreatment, floatation, microwave heating and pressure acid leaching, the high-efficiency comprehensive recycling of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes is achieved. The method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure acid leaching is reasonable in technological design, high in recovery rate of valuable matter, high in processing capacity, short in production cycle, high in purity of obtained products, free of secondary pollutants and applicable to industrial large-scale application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted flotation and pressurized acid leaching, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of aluminum electrolysis solid waste resources. technical background [0002] Aluminum smelter spent cathode carbon blocks are a useful resource rich in carbon and electrolyte. Stockpiling or landfilling not only cannot fundamentally eliminate the toxicity and corrosion hazards of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode materials, but also causes a waste of resources. With the continuous reduction of mineral resources and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the comprehensive utilization of waste cathode carbon blocks of aluminum electrolytic cells has become an inevitable trend. [0003] Liu Zhidong[1] used alkaline leaching flotation method to treat the waste cathode, and leache...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B09B3/00C25C3/12
CPCB09B3/00C25C3/125
Inventor 田忠良袁杰肖劲杨凯郭伟昌赖延清李劼
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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