Full-seedling and strong-plant cultivation method for corn

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and discloses a full-seedling and strong-plant cultivation method for corn. The cultivation method comprises steps as follows: seed selection and coating, furrowing and bedding, returning of straw to field, layered fertilization, precision sowing, chemical weeding and film mulching, final singling at suitable time and field management. According to the method, furrows are dug between corn sowing rows in a un-fallowing and no-tillage ridged field, bottom layers of dressing furrows are covered with chopped straw, the straw can prevent upper-layer fertilizer from leaking down, the decomposed straw becomes fertilizer and can be absorbed and used by corn roots, isolation is performed with loam for layered fertilization, and one-time fertilization can be used by the corn in the whole growth period; holes are dug in rows in a sowing region, two healthy, full and vigorous corn seeds are sown in each hole for final singling at suitable time; the fertilization region is covered with a mulch after chemical weeding, and the temperature under the mulch is higher than the subsurface temperature of the corn sowing region, so that fertilizer and water under the mulch slowly permeate soil in the corn sowing region, full-seedling, strong-seedling and strong-strain of the corn are realized, and the basis for increasing the corn yield is consolidated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating strong corn seedlings. Background technique [0002] Corn is an important food crop, feed crop and oil crop in my country. It is rich in crude fiber, protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral elements. It has high nutritional value and is widely used. [0003] Corn is a dry food crop, but there is not enough water in the whole growth period, so it is difficult to grow normally. Some corns have a low germination rate due to insufficient moisture and lack of water. Therefore, it is very important to maintain moisture in the field, and each growth stage must require Sufficient fertilizer nutrients can ensure strong corn seedlings and plants, otherwise it will cause defertilization and premature aging. According to research on formula fertilization in various parts of my country, the seasonal utilization rate of field crop nitrogen i...

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Problems solved by technology

Layered fertilization has been applied in crops such as corn, wheat, soybean, peanut, etc., but the existing layered fertilization proposed is mainly divided into three types: one is to apply the fertilizer layered to the bottom of the seed, although the seed and Fertilizers are separated, but this method of fertilization is easy to burn the roots of corn seedlings, making them lose the function of absorbing water or fertilizer; the second is to apply fertilizers in layers around the seeds, although the distance between them is more than 5cm, but the This method of fertilization is also easy to damage the roots of corn seedlings because of the high local concentration of fertilizers, and there is no report that different amounts of fertilizers are divided into five layers and applied in the same fertilization ditch as seed fertilizer, seedling fertilizer, jointing fertilizer, ear fertilizer and grain fertilizer; It is to dig pits around the seeds and bury fertilizer in layers. Some pits are large and small, which can easily cause fertilizer loss, and the utilization rate of fertilizer is still not very high.

Film-mulching cultivation technology is also applied to peanuts, corn, cotton and other crops. The soil is often covered with plastic film on ridge-planted or flat-planted seeds. The purpose is to preserve moisture and increase temperature. There are few reports on covering the soil with plastic film only in the fertilization area and not in the sowing area.

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