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High-voltage electrolyte and lithium ion battery containing electrolyte

An electrolyte and high-voltage technology, applied in electrolytes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as shortening battery life, increasing battery internal resistance, and destroying cycle performance, reducing oxidative decomposition, improving cycle performance, inhibiting The effect of surface activity

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-07-13
SOUTH CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In addition, the transition metal elements dissolved from the positive electrode material play a catalytic role, thereby promoting the oxidation of the electrolyte, which eventually leads to an increase in the internal resistance of the battery, damage to the cycle performance, and shorten the service life of the battery.

Method used

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  • High-voltage electrolyte and lithium ion battery containing electrolyte

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] (1) cyclic carbonate solvent ethylene carbonate (EC), linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate are mixed by mass ratio EC:EMC:DEC=3:5:2, And use molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride to purify and remove impurities and water;

[0029] (2) At room temperature, the conductive lithium salt LiPF 6 Dissolve in the solvent obtained in step (1), the final concentration is 1.0mol / L, and stir evenly to obtain a common electrolyte;

[0030] (3) Adding 0.5% of the mass of the ordinary electrolyte as a functional additive to the ordinary electrolyte prepared in step (2) to obtain the high-voltage electrolyte. Described electrolyte additive is fumaric acid nitrile (CAS number: 764-42-1), and its structure is as follows:

[0031]

Embodiment 2

[0033] (1) Mix the cyclic carbonate solvent ethylene carbonate (EC) and the linear carbonate solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) according to the mass ratio EC:DMC=1:2, and use molecular sieves, calcium hydride, and lithium hydride to purify Remove impurities and water;

[0034] (2) At room temperature, the conductive lithium salt LiPF 6 Dissolve in the solvent obtained in step (1), the final concentration is 1.2mol / L, stir evenly, and make common electrolyte;

[0035] (3) Adding 0.5% of the mass of the ordinary electrolyte as a functional additive to the ordinary electrolyte prepared in step (2) to obtain the high-voltage electrolyte. Described electrolyte additive is fumaric acid nitrile (CAS number: 764-42-1), and its structure is as follows:

[0036]

Embodiment 3

[0038] (1) Mix the cyclic carbonate solvent ethylene carbonate (EC) and the linear carbonate solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) according to the mass ratio EC:EMC=1:2, and use molecular sieves, calcium hydride, and lithium hydride to purify Remove impurities and water;

[0039] (2) At room temperature, the conductive lithium salt LiPF 6 Dissolve in the solvent obtained in step (1), the final concentration is 1.0mol / L, stir evenly, and make common electrolyte;

[0040] (3) Adding 1% of the mass of the ordinary electrolyte as a functional additive to the ordinary electrolyte prepared in step (2) to obtain the high-voltage electrolyte. Described electrolyte additive is fumaric acid nitrile (CAS number: 764-42-1), and its structure is as follows:

[0041]

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery materials, and discloses high-voltage electrolyte and a lithium ion battery containing the electrolyte. The high-voltage electrolyte is obtained by adding a functional additive to common electrolyte, wherein the mass of the functional additive is equivalent to 0.1-5% of that of common electrolyte, and the functional additive refers to an alkene dinitrile type compound. According to the high-voltage electrolyte and the lithium ion battery containing the electrolyte disclosed by the invention, the alkene dinitrile type compound containing nitrogen elements and double-bond functional groups is used as a high-voltage film forming additive of the lithium ion electrolyte, the additive is based on the oxidation or the reduction of double bonds, and a layer of compact passivating films can be formed on the surface of a positive pole and the surface of a negative pole in the process of first charge and discharge. Stable cyanogen bases are introduced, so that surface films are stabler in electrochemistry and chemistry. The cycle performance of the lithium ion battery containing the additive of the electrolyte under 3-4.5V is improved, the safety performance and the energy density of the lithium ion battery are improved, and the service life of the lithium ion battery is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion battery materials, and in particular relates to a high-voltage electrolyte and a lithium-ion battery containing the electrolyte. Background technique [0002] In the 21st century, the energy issue is a major challenge facing mankind, and the whole world is actively exploring and seeking high-energy electrochemical power sources. As a new generation of high-energy power supply, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electronic equipment, power tools and electric vehicles. At present, the positive electrode materials of commercial lithium-ion batteries mainly include lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, etc., and the charging cut-off voltage generally does not exceed 4.2V. However, with the progress of society and the development of the market, higher requirements are put forward for lithium-ion batteries - on the basis of ensuring or impro...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/0525
CPCH01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M2300/0037Y02E60/10
Inventor 李伟善王贤树廖晓琳陈晓芬郑雄文廖波
Owner SOUTH CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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