A method for rapidly reducing the temperature and pressure of a runaway reaction system

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly reducing temperature and pressure of a runaway reaction system. Devices used in the method include a reaction tank, a storage tank I and a storage tank II, wherein each of the reaction tank and the storage tank I is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the outlet II of the reaction tank and the inlet I of the storage tank I are connected through a first pipeline; the outlet I of the storage tank II and the inlet II of the reaction tank are connected through a second pipeline; and the second pipeline extends into the reaction tank, forms a coil shape in the middle of the reaction tank, and then extends out through the top of the reaction tank to the storage tank II; and a stirring device is mounted and started to react. Along with proceeding of reaction, the temperature and pressure of the reaction system are raised. When the temperature and pressure are raised to the maximum value of a safety valve, the safety valve is opened. At this moment, high-temperature gas enters the first storage tank I through the first pipeline. A cooling liquid in the storage tank I is discharged from the outlet I of the storage tank I and enters the reaction tank from the front section of the second pipeline and sequentially passes through the middle section and the tail section of the second pipeline, thereby achieving the function of reducing the temperature of the reaction system.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of active prevention and control measures for rapidly reducing the temperature and pressure of a reaction system under conditions of out-of-control reactions, in particular to a method for rapidly reducing the temperature and pressure of an out-of-control reaction system. Background technique [0002] The risk of uncontrolled reactions widely exists in the production process of some dangerous processes (such as oxidation, peroxidation, polymerization, nitration, sulfonation, chlorination, etc.) in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, and pharmaceuticals. Once the reaction system reacts out of control due to accidents, the reaction rate will increase exponentially in temperature. When the reaction rate increases, the pressure will also increase. The exothermic reaction will cause the temperature to continue to rise, further accelerating the reaction rate, such a vicious cycle, if no effective measures ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Although the safety relief device can effectively protect the pressure-bearing equipment, whether it is a safety valve or a bursting disc, it is a passive protection measure during the out-of-control reaction process. Once the safety relief device is activated by the accident interlock system of the pressure-bearing equipment, The material in the equipment will be released from the safety relief device, causing interruption of normal production process

After the production is interrupted, it is necessary to take relief measures immediately to reduce the temperature and pressure in the equipment. If the conditions of the relief measures are properly controlled, the reaction system can return to the normal reaction stage with the decrease of temperature and pressure without causing material loss; If the measures and conditions are not properly controlled, it will cause a violent release process, resulting in material loss

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