Biotechnological breeding method for obtaining antiviral seedless grapes

Abstract

The invention discloses a biotechnological breeding method for obtaining antiviral seedless grapes. The biotechnological breeding method comprises the following steps: carrying out hybridization between different varieties of seedless grapes and embryo rescue to obtain grape zygotic embryos containing seedless genes; inducing grape somatic embryogenesis through the grape zygotic embryos; constructing RNAi antiviral plant expression vectors, and converting the RNAi antiviral plant expression vectors into agrobacterium tumefaciens; converting the grape somatic embryos sourced from the grape zygotic embryos by utilizing the agrobacterium tumefaciens, thereby obtaining regeneration plants. The biotechnological breeding method has the advantages that seedless grape embryo rescue technology and the transgenic technology are combined, embryoids which are sourced from seedless grape hybridization immature embryos and obtained through embryo rescue are taken as receptor materials, and the RNAi antiviral vectors containing the conserved gene segments of grape virus coat protein (CP) are utilized for genetic transformation of agrobacterium tumefaciens mediation, so that novel grape materials which are both antiviral and seedless can be obtained from the transformed regeneration plants, and then selectively breeding of the novel varieties can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural biotechnology breeding, in particular to a biotechnology breeding method for obtaining virus-resistant seedless grapes. Background technique [0002] Grape is one of the oldest fruit tree species in the world. It is loved by domestic and foreign consumers for its juicy taste, rich nutrition and various health functions. In recent years, the domestic and foreign markets have more and more requirements for fresh grape varieties. The higher, especially seedless grapes are more and more favored by people, and the existing seedless grape varieties can no longer meet the production needs. At the same time, grapes are also the fruit tree species infected with the most types of viruses [Martelli et al. Grapevine virology highlights: 2010–2012. Proceedings of the 17th Congress of ICVG, Davis, California, USA, 2012: 13-31]. In recent years, all parts of my country have been competing to develop grapes...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Currently, there are deficiencies in the method of cultivating seedless grapes with the embryo rescue technology commonly used: since most of the seedless grapes cultivated in production belong to Eurasian species, although the quality is good, the disease resistance is generally poor. It is easy to obtain "seedless × seedless" seedless offspring, but the obtained seedless grapes are often less disease-resistant than their parents and are more vulnerable to various viruses in nature. Therefore, only relying on embryos to save this single organism Seedless grapes obtained by technical means have great defects in antiviral disease

[0005] Disadvantages of using traditional grape transgenic technology to cultivate virus-resistant grapes: (1) It is necessary to use a complete gene translation strategy, and genetically modified products cannot eliminate safety hazards; (2) Most of the anti-virus responses of transformed plants show delayed onset, which belongs to disease resistance; ( 3) If the exogenous gene fragment is too large, it is prone to the phenomenon that the target gene is only partially introduced or the introduced gene can only be partially expressed; (4) The acquisition of high disease resistance of transformed plants often requires multiple copies

[0006] At present, although new varieties of seedless grapes can be bred through the method of embryo rescue, most seedless grapes belong to Eurasian species and generally have the disadvantage of poor disease resistance. Nuclear grape offspring tend to be less disease resistant and more vulnerable to various viruses than their parents

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