Method for preparing graphene through combustion synthesis by virtue of macromolecular polymers

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing graphene through combustion synthesis by virtue of macromolecular polymers. The method for preparing graphene through combustion synthesis by virtue of the macromolecular polymers comprises the following steps: firstly, weighing 10-65wt% of magnesium powder and 35-90% of macromolecular polymers, and uniformly mixing; secondly, putting the mixture obtained in the step 1 in protective atmosphere, igniting the mixture by adopting an igniting agent or through resistance wire heating, and carrying out combustion synthesis reaction, so that crude product powder containing graphene is obtained; and thirdly, purifying the crude product powder obtained in the step 2 for removing impurities containing magnesium, so that pure graphene is obtained. The obtained graphene has special morphologies such as a petal shape, a fold shape, a hollow spherical shape and a scaly shape, the obtained graphene is doped with nitrogen, or fluorine, or boron, or boron and nitrogen, and number of layers is less then 10, so that the obtained graphene is convenient for industrial production and can be applied to the fields of composite materials, energy storage batteries, super capacitors, electronic devices, catalyst carriers, sensitive devices and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon materials, and relates to a method for preparing graphene materials from various high-molecular polymers through a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method. Background technique [0002] Graphene refers to sp 2 Hybridized single-layer graphite sheets with a thickness of only one atomic layer and a honeycomb crystal structure. In single-layer graphene, each carbon atom communicates with surrounding carbon atoms through sp 2 Hybridization into bonds to form regular hexagons. The thickness of single-layer graphene is only 0.335nm, which is the thinnest and hardest nano-material known in the world. Graphene has excellent mechanical, thermal, optical and electrical properties. It is the material with the highest strength and hardness among the known materials, and its tensile strength and elastic modulus are 125GPa and 1.1TPa respectively; the thermal conductivity at room temperature is 5×...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, there are many methods for preparing graphene, the main ones are: mechanical exfoliation method, redox method, epitaxial growth method and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), etc., but these methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, for example: mechanical exfoliation method to obtain Graphene has a simple process, low cost, good quality, and small thickness, but the output is too small to be suitable for industrial production; the graphene oxide obtained by the redox method has good dispersion and can be prepared on a large scale, but the surface contains oxygen-containing functional groups and other defects, so that its excellent properties such as electrical conductivity are reduced or even lost; the graphene obtained by the epitaxial growth method is of good quality and can be prepared in a large area, but it is difficult to control the shape and the cost is high; the graphene prepared by the CVD method is of high quality and the number of layers is high. Controllable, adjustable bandgap, but high cost, product needs to be transferred

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