A kind of equipment for preparing trichlorosilane by cold hydrogenation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for preparing trichlorosilane by cold hydrogenation, which comprises a vertically arranged cylindrical body, an upper head and a lower head, and is characterized in that the upper head is provided with a synthesis gas outlet and a vent port , the bottom of the lower head is provided with a residue outlet, and the lower end of the cylinder wall of the cylinder is provided with a raw material gas inlet extending to the central axis of the cylinder and opening downward near the lower head, and the inside of the cylinder is close to the raw material gas. The upper part of the inlet is horizontally equipped with a distributor support plate with several distributor nozzles evenly distributed. The cylinder wall is provided with a slag discharge port and a silicon powder inlet. The cylinder is equipped with a bubble breaker and several cyclones connected in sequence. Separator, the outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the outlet of the synthesis gas, the bottom opening of the cyclone separator is connected with a settling tube, and the outlet of the settling tube is provided with a switch cover. The advantages are simple structure, convenient operation, and continuous feeding and discharging. , while completing gas distribution, fluidized bed reaction, gas-solid cyclone separation, and solid material settlement for reuse.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to chemical equipment for synthesis reaction, in particular to equipment for preparing trichlorosilane by cold hydrogenation. Background technique [0002] Trichlorosilane is an important organosilicon monomer, mainly used in the synthesis of organosilane and alkyl, aryl, and organofunctional chlorosilanes, and is the main raw material for the production of organosilane coupling agents and polysilicon. Trichlorosilane is mainly prepared by the gas-solid catalytic reaction of silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen and silicon powder. Hydrogenation methods mainly include: thermal hydrogenation, cold hydrogenation and plasma hydrogenation. At present, except that the plasma hydrogenation technology is still in the experimental stage, the thermal hydrogenation and cold hydrogenation technologies have achieved industrial production, and their respective technical characteristics have been improved and developed. [0003] The thermal hydroge...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main disadvantages are: the conversion rate is low, the STC conversion rate of continuous and stable production is between 15% and 20%; the reaction is electrohydrogenation reduction reaction, the temperature is high, the power consumption is high, and the unit consumption index is ≤2.2~3.2 (kW h) / kg(TCS)

The main disadvantages are: gas-solid reaction, high operating pressure, high requirements for equipment sealing, and complicated operating system; silicon powder is added in hydrogenation reaction, boron, phosphorus and metal impurities are brought in, the purification workload is large, and the purification process is increased. Distillation and purification costs

[0004] Existing equipment for preparing trichlorosilane by cold hydrogenation: 1. The equipment adopts interval feeding, which cannot complete continuous feeding and discharging, and also increases the fatigue of the equipment; the separation effect of the gas-solid cyclone separation device of the equipment is poor, and cannot To achieve the complete settlement of the solid material, a separation device needs to be installed outside the equipment, which increases the complexity of the process; silicon powder is deposited at the bottom of the equipment, forming a silicon powder airflow, which severely scours and corrodes the inner wall of the equipment, causing potential safety hazards for the equipment; the fluidized bed reaction section of the equipment The gas-solid phase rises to form bubbles, and no effective bubble breaking device is installed, resulting in frequent fluctuations in the bed due to bubble disturbances and affecting reaction efficiency, etc.

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