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Capsule and lithium ion battery

A lithium-ion battery and capsule technology, applied in secondary batteries, battery pack components, non-aqueous electrolyte storage batteries, etc., can solve the problem of not being able to prevent the reaction of lithium-ion batteries, affecting the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries, and affecting the formation of negative electrode SEI films And other issues

Active Publication Date: 2014-01-08
NINGDE AMPEREX TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this method has its own defects. Although it can cut off the connection between the lithium-ion battery and the outside, it cannot prevent the internal reaction of the lithium-ion battery from continuing, or even thermal runaway.
(3) By improving the design of lithium-ion batteries, such as using a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, when the temperature exceeds a certain temperature, its resistance value increases stepwise with the increase of temperature, and it will fuse when it reaches a certain temperature. The thermal self-closing diaphragm is similar, and it cannot prevent the reaction inside the lithium-ion battery from continuing, and thermal runaway may also occur
However, studies have found that directly adding flame retardant additives to the lithium-ion battery electrolyte will greatly affect the electrochemical performance of the lithium-ion battery, such as affecting the formation of the SEI film on the negative electrode, which will lead to the electrolysis of the exposed negative electrode active material and the lithium-ion battery. The liquid solvent directly contacts and undergoes a reduction reaction, producing a large amount of gas, and even graphite peeling, which will cause the lithium-ion battery to lose its function

Method used

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  • Capsule and lithium ion battery

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] Capsule preparation: Polyurea as the capsule wall material and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) as the capsule core material were uniformly mixed by in-situ polymerization, and NH 4 Cl is an acid catalyst for acidification for 3 hours, and the final pH value is 2.0, then add styrene-maleic anhydride as an emulsifier, continue to stir vigorously (rotation speed greater than 2000r / min), and then solidify at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain a median particle size of A fluid spherical solid capsule of 100 μm has a wall thickness of 5 μm.

[0028] Preparation of lithium-ion batteries:

[0029]A Preparation of lithium-ion battery positive electrode sheet: the positive electrode active material nickel cobalt lithium manganese oxide, binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), conductive agent conductive carbon black and solvent N-methylpyrrolidone at a mass ratio of 90:5:5 Mix evenly, and obtain a uniformly dispersed positive electrode slurry by high-speed stirring, and then evenly coat the po...

Embodiment 2

[0034] Capsule preparation: mix polyamide as capsule wall material with dimethyl phosphate (DMMP) as capsule core material by in-situ polymerization, and mix with NH 4 Cl is an acidic catalyst for acidification for 4 hours, and the final pH value is 2.0. Then add styrene-maleic anhydride as an emulsifier, continue to stir vigorously (rotation speed greater than 2000r / min), and then cure at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain a median particle size of The fluid spherical solid capsule of 30 μm has a wall thickness of 0.5 μm.

[0035] Preparation of lithium-ion battery: except that the capsule prepared in this embodiment (i.e. embodiment 2) is used and the mass percentage of the capsule relative to the electrolyte solution is 20%, the rest is the same as in embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

[0037] Preparation of capsules: Mix gelatin as the capsule wall material and cumyl diphenyl phosphate as the capsule core material under the condition of 70°C / 3MPa, then add Span 80 and glutaraldehyde, and continue stirring Mix evenly, and finally cool under the condition of 30° C. / 3 MPa to obtain a fluid spherical solid capsule with a median particle size of 300 μm and a wall thickness of 50 μm.

[0038] Preparation of lithium-ion battery: the same as in Example 1 except that the capsule prepared in this example (i.e. Example 3) is used and the mass percentage of the capsule relative to the electrolyte solution is 30%.

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Abstract

The invention provides a capsule and a lithium ion battery. The capsule is accommodated in the lithium ion battery and comprises a capsule wall and a capsule core. The melting point of the capsule wall ranges from 100 DEG C to 160 DEG C and is not dissolved in electrolyte of the lithium ion battery. The gasification temperature of is not lower than the melting point of the capsule wall and not higher than 400 DEG C. Gas generated by capsule core gasification is flame retardant. The flame-retardant gas is mixed with electrolyte steam and / or combustible flue gas / combustible smoke steam generated during thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery and sprayed out from the outer package of the lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery comprises the capsule. When the lithium ion battery operates normally, the capsule does not affect electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery. During thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery, the capsule wall cracks to release the capsule core, the capsule core is gasified to form the flame-retardant gas, the flame retardant function of the capsule is achieved, flame retardance is achieved, and safety performance of the lithium ion battery is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a capsule and a lithium ion battery. Background technique [0002] The application of lithium-ion batteries in the field of new energy vehicles is becoming more and more widespread. However, reports of lithium-ion battery safety accidents have also increased significantly, such as the battery fire of Shanghai electric bus No. The taxi collided and caught fire, etc. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the safety performance of lithium-ion batteries. The common causes of lithium-ion battery accidents are mechanical abuse, that is, accidental collisions, extrusions, drops, etc. lead to internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries; harsh operating environments, such as long-term operation in high-temperature environments; improper use or other reasons. Abuse, such as overcharge, overdischarge, etc. Normally, when the temperature of a lithium-ion battery reaches 100°C, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M2/02H01M10/0525H01M10/42H01M50/10
CPCY02E60/122H01M10/0525H01M10/058H01M50/383H01M50/394Y02E60/10
Inventor 陈小波武卫忠王学辉袁庆丰陈伟峰
Owner NINGDE AMPEREX TECH
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