Method for preparing aluminum nanoparticles coated with dispersion stabilizers by liquid-phase chemical reduction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing aluminum nanoparticles coated with dispersion stabilizers by a liquid-phase chemical reduction method. The method is characterized by including: purifying commercially available mesitylene; dispersing aluminum chloride in the mesitylene; and in the presence of nitrogen, adding polyethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether serving as the dispersion stabilizer and lithium aluminum hydride in the mesitylene dispersed with the aluminum chloride according to the mass ratio of 1-2.5:0.5-1:0.5-1 among the aluminum chloride, the lithium aluminum hydride and the dispersion stabilizer, stirring for reacting 12-24 hours at the temperature of 164-166 DEG C, cooling, performing centrifugal separation, abandoning supernatant liquid, removing residual mesitylene solvents, washing by low-temperature methyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic washing and centrifugal separation, abandoning supernatant liquid and performing vacuum drying for lower materials so that the aluminum nanoparticles coated with the dispersion stabilizers are obtained. The prepared aluminum nanoparticles coated with the dispersion stabilizers are uniform in size and good in dispersity, have certain activity and are applicable to the fields of rocket propellants, explosives and powders, solar back plates and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the preparation of metallic aluminum nanometer materials, and relates to a method for preparing aluminum nanoparticle coated with a dispersion stabilizer by a liquid phase chemical reduction method. The prepared aluminum nanoparticles are suitable for rocket propellants, explosives and solar back panels, as well as other high-tech fields. Background technique [0002] Compared with traditional energetic materials, aluminum nanoparticles (hereinafter referred to as AlNPs) can improve propellant combustion due to their high energy density, low oxygen consumption, high reactivity, and better anti-agglomeration and ignition properties. The advantages of stability, reducing the burning rate and pressure index make it a unique rocket propellant and propellant formula; the smaller the aluminum particles, the lower the melting point, and the easier it is to form a silicon-aluminum composite layer with silicon-based materials at a certa...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The use of high-energy ball milling in the mechanical alloying method is beneficial to mass production, but it is easy to introduce impurities, and the particle shape uniformity is poor (such as containing flakes, etc.)

The gas phase condensation method realizes atomic evaporation through heating methods such as electric explosion, laser induction, plasma or electron beam radiation, and condenses and deposits in an inert atmosphere. Pollution, small output, difficult to control particle size, etc.

The liquid-phase chemical method is to decompose the alane precursor by heating or reduce the aluminum salt to realize the synthesis of AlNPs in the solvent system; Synthesis, but the disadvantages are that the product is easy to be oxidized during the preparation process, easy to agglomerate, and easy to coat by-product impurities, etc.

At present, there are only a small number of experimental studies on the preparation of AlNPs by liquid-phase chemical methods. In order to protect AlNPs, surface passivation with fluorinated carboxylic acids or polymers (such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethylmethylpropionate, etc.) are usually used. etc.) coating method, but there are disadvantages such as too large particle size and poor dispersion

In summary, the preparation methods of the prior art mainly have some problems such as: the nano-aluminum particles are easily oxidized, moisture-absorbed and agglomerated, or the cost is high. It is very necessary to actively develop the preparation technology and surface modification of the nano-aluminum particles technology research

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