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Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree

A technology of hybrid breeding, pear trees, applied in the field of rapid hybrid breeding of pear trees

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-09-11
JIANGSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the time-consuming and laborious breeding in the hybridization process, and the number of hybrids obtained is small, and the emergence rate of the hybrids is low when the hybrids are sown, and the growth of the seedlings is slow, and The identification period of hybrid single plant results is long, and the resulting parts are continuously moved upwards, etc., providing isolation pollination by insect nets, and plug seedlings, re-nutrition pots to promote seedlings, field transplanting, and hybrid single plant adult section grafting identification and other technologies

Method used

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  • Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree
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  • Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0037] The experiment was carried out in the Pear Resource Garden of the Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Nanjing City). A total of 72 varieties such as Zaosu (see Table 1) (all are known public varieties). The female parent is Cui Guan and the male parent is Huang Guan.

[0038] (2) Test method

[0039] Spray 3 to 5 degrees of lime sulfur once on the pear tree before the buds germinate.

[0040] 72 varieties such as Zaosu pear tree were isolated by insect-proof nets at the early stage of budding (specifications: 20 mesh, wire diameter 0.18mm) ( figure 2 ), after the flowers wither, release the insect net to investigate the fruit setting rate. As a self-compatibility survey test among different varieties.

[0041] As the male parent required for hybridization, when the flower buds germinated, the flower bud branches were collected in the field and placed in a 25°C incubator to artificially stimulate the flowers, and the pollen was col...

Embodiment 2

[0050] 2. Picking: When picking, put diseased fruit, injured fruit and good fruit completely separately.

[0051] 3. Storage: Store the fruit in a ventilated and cool place. Generally, the shelf life of good fruit at room temperature is 8-15 days.

[0052] 4. Seed picking and cleaning: When the fruit softens, the seeds can be picked. Rinse the seeds with clean water and knead them with gauze to wash off the sticky matter on the surface of the seeds. Select full seeds, then put the seeds in a cool place to dry in the shade, and finally pack the dried seeds Put it into kraft paper and make a good label.

[0053] 5. seed sand storage

[0054] (1) Disinfection: soak the seeds for 2 hours before sand storage, and then soak them in 500-fold dilution of 80% carbendazim wettable powder fungicide for 2 to 3 seconds; use a pressure cooker to sterilize the river sand.

[0055] (2) Time: It is advisable to start sand storage in the middle and late December, and generally store in sa...

Embodiment 3

[0066] Select six groups of hybrid combinations, they are: Combination 1: Xizigreen×Cuiguan, Combination 2: Fengshui×Qingxiang, Combination 3: Cuiguan×Xizigreen, Combination 4: Love Ganshui×Qingxiang, Combination 5: Huasu × Cuiguan, combination six: Huangguan × Jinxing, a total of 6 combinations of 975 plants. In 2004, it was sown and cultivated in the pear resource garden of the Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with a row spacing of 0.5×4 meters. In the cultivation of hybrids, except for the fixed stem of 60-70 cm in the second spring, the rest are almost not pruned, and they are allowed to grow naturally. Other fertilizer management is the same as that of the production garden.

[0067] The fruit bearing height is represented by the total length of the branches from the fruit to the root neck, and those less than 10 centimeters are rounded up, and the shortest length of each individual plant is the minimum height of the first fruiting of ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a fast crossbreeding method of a pear tree, which comprises the steps of determining a male parent and a female parent, spraying lime sulfur once before the male parent pear tree sprouts, collecting pollens when blossom buds germinate, constructing a fly net to isolate when the self-incompatible female parent pear tree is at first squaring stage, using male parent pollen pollinating liquid to spray on the female parent to pollinate, when the flowers are faded, removing the fly net, picking the crossbred fruits, collecting seeds and hiding the seeds in sand, performing tray-soilless seedling, promoting seedling in a nutrition pot, compact planting and transplanting the seedling in a large land, so as to obtain a hybrid single plant; cutting off all lateral branches at the lower part of the hybrid single plant, selecting a stock, selecting top branches of the hybrid single plant in autumn to perform stock bud grafting, complementarily grafting the branches in the next spring, pinching new tips and pulling branches, identifying fruit quality, cutting down the single plant with quality lower than medium, keeping the single plant with quality higher than medium, and performing other biological characters survey. In the method, the stock can be reused, so that the fruit portion is significantly lowered, the land resource is saved; a lot of manpower and materials can be saved; and the breeding time can be shortened by 3-4 years.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of fruit tree breeding and cultivation, and relates to a rapid hybrid breeding method for pear trees. Background technique [0002] Pears belong to the genus Pyrus (Rosaceae) subfamily Pomoideae (Rosaceae) Pyrus ) plant is one of the main fruit trees in the world and the third largest fruit tree species in China. Originally produced in China, it has a wide variety of varieties, strong adaptability, and distributed production. Most of the existing main varieties in my country are bred varieties with their own intellectual property rights or traditional local varieties. In the past ten years, several pears with independent property rights, such as Cuiguan, Chuxialv and Huangguan, which have been mainly bred in my country, have been bred through conventional artificial hybridization. At present, the number of bred new varieties in the market can not meet the needs of production. The main reason for this is that pear...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01H1/02A01G1/00
Inventor 杨青松蔺经李晓刚常有宏盛宝龙王中华
Owner JIANGSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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