Tree form beneficial to simplified management and early fruiting of fruit trees and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tree form beneficial to simplified management and early fruiting of fruit trees. Two main branches horizontally growing towards the two sides are reserved at the top of a trunk, and 5-7 fruiting branches growing obliquely and alternately are reserved on each main branch. The invention further discloses a construction method of the tree form. The method is simple, easy to implement and direct in effect. The original upright tree vigor is strongly controlled, and the fruiting time is advanced to the third year after field planting; fruiting parts are reduced, and management is more convenient and labor-saving; the fruit bearing parts of the apples are fixed, and configuration and trimming are easier; and the ventilation and light transmission performance of a hedge wall leaf curtain is greatly improved, and the fruit quality can be improved. Under the cultivation mode, the apples bear fruits horizontally, the thickness is smaller than 30 cm, in the machine vision visiting range, mechanical harvesting can be guaranteed, the aims of light, simplified, labor-saving, high-quality and efficient cultivation are met, and the social and economic significance is outstanding.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of apple cultivation, and in particular relates to a tree shape and a construction method thereof which are beneficial to simplified management and early fruiting of fruit trees. Background technique [0002] Apple is one of the most important economic fruit trees in northern my country. It has a wide cultivation area and a large area, and its social and economic benefits are remarkable. Apple is a woody tree with a strong top advantage and a large annual growth. The traditional cultivation tree shape is a tall trunk with 4 to 5 large side branches in whorls, and the side branches grow a round or oval crown with a parent branch. It usually takes 4 to 5 years to complete the construction of the tree shape, and 7 to 8 years to enter the peak fruiting period; in recent years, foreign technology has been introduced to promote various slender spindle shapes, and the fruiting branches are directly grown on the upright trunk...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Apple is a woody tree with a strong top advantage and a large annual growth. The traditional cultivation tree shape is a tall trunk with 4 to 5 large side branches in whorls, and the side branches grow a round or oval crown with a parent branch. It usually takes 4 to 5 years to complete the construction of the tree shape, and 7 to 8 years to enter the peak fruiting period; in recent years, foreign technology has been introduced to promote various slender spindle shapes, and the fruiting branches are directly grown on the upright trunk. The lifespan has been shortened to three years, but because it is upright and slender and not resistant to wind, it needs to be supported by pillars up to 4 meters high. At the same time, it is also necessary to purchase a series of management and operation machine platforms, which requires a large investment and high technical difficulty in management, especially when the trees grow up and down. Difficult to balance control, mature trees tend to be strong at the top and weak at the bottom, affecting yield and quality, it is not easy to control the tree vigor, high pruning technology requirements, difficult for ordinary fruit farmers to master

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