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Method for distillation synthesis of biodiesel by acid-catalyzed reaction

A technology of reactive distillation and synthetic biology, which is applied in the fields of biofuel, fatty acid esterification, petroleum industry, etc., can solve problems such as limiting the scope of use, and achieve the effects of increasing the scope of application, reducing energy consumption, and shortening the reaction time

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-02-22
宁守俭
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Due to the use of basic catalysts, this technology has certain requirements for raw materials, thus limiting its application range

Method used

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  • Method for distillation synthesis of biodiesel by acid-catalyzed reaction
  • Method for distillation synthesis of biodiesel by acid-catalyzed reaction

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] The oil raw material is refined fatty acid with an acid value of 196mgKOH / g. After heating and melting, it is mixed with sulfuric acid accounting for 1% of the weight of the oil raw material and methanol accounting for 5% of the weight of the oil raw material. , while the remaining methanol is preheated to 70°C and enters the bottom of the reactor, and is heated to overboiling (90-100°C) by the bottom heater to ensure that the methanol vapor can rise to the top of the tower. The methanol flow rate is controlled to 22.5g / h, and the oil flow rate is 150g / h (including 7.5g methanol and 1.5g sulfuric acid), most of the water and catalyst sulfuric acid produced by the reaction are separated from the bottom of the tower, and a small amount of unreacted methanol and water are separated from the top of the tower, and the methanol is recycled after rectification. The crude methyl ester of the semi-finished product whose acid value is less than 2mgKOH / g is sent to the post-treatme...

Embodiment 2

[0028] The raw material of oil is waste oil with an acid value of 78mgKOH / g. After vacuum dehydration, it is mixed with methanol accounting for 4% of the weight of the oil raw material and sulfuric acid accounting for 1.5% of the weight of the oil raw material, and then enters the preheater, and is heated at 85-90°C and enters the upper part of the reactor. The remaining methanol is preheated to 70°C and enters the bottom of the reactor, and is further heated to overboiling by the bottom heater to ensure that the methanol vapor can rise to the top of the tower. Control the flow rate of methanol to 24g / h, and the flow rate of oil to 150g / h (including 6g methanol and 2.25g sulfuric acid); the glycerin, water, catalyst sulfuric acid and a small amount of methanol generated by the reaction are separated from the bottom of the tower, and a small amount of methanol and water are separated from the top of the tower , Methanol is recovered for recycling after rectification. The acid v...

Embodiment 3

[0030] The oil raw material is vegetable oil with an acid value less than 2mgKOH / g, mixed with 4% methanol and 2% sulfuric acid by weight of the oil raw material, then enters the preheater, heats to 85-90°C and enters the upper part of the reactor, and the remaining methanol is preheated. It is heated to 70°C and enters the bottom of the reactor, and is further heated to overboiling by the bottom heater to ensure that the methanol vapor can rise to the top of the tower. Control the flow rate of methanol to 24g / h, and the flow rate of oil to 150g / h (including 6g methanol and 3g sulfuric acid); the glycerin, catalyst sulfuric acid and a small amount of methanol generated by the reaction are separated from the bottom of the tower, and the methanol at the top of the tower can be directly returned to the cycle. The semi-finished product is sent to post-treatment after testing that the residual glycerin is less than 0.5%, and the biodiesel product that meets the standard is obtained ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for distillation synthesis of biodiesel by an acid-catalyzed reaction, and relates to a biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) synthesis technology and process. The method is applicable for all raw materials of oil. The method comprises the following concrete steps that: raw materials of oil, a catalyst and a small amount of methanol are mixed and pre-heated, and then enter an upper part of a catalytic distillation tower; the remaining methanol is pre-heated and enters the tower from a lower part of the tower, wherein overflow tower plates are arranged inside the tower; the rising methanol steam completely reacts with the overflowing raw materials of the oil under an effect of the acid catalyst; the methanol steam and partial water generated from the reaction are separated from the top of the tower; the product, glycerin, the acid catalyst, and the partial water settle on the bottom of the tower; a small amount of the methanol, the water and the catalyst glycerol phase are separated by a separator to obtain a semi-finished product; the semi-finished product is refined to obtain the biodiesel. According to the present invention, on the basis of the existing completely acid-catalyzed synthesis of biodiesel technology, the principle of the catalytic distillation technology is combined, the process for acid-catalyzed distillation synthesis of the biodiesel is provided, the power consumption is reduced, the reaction time is shortened, and the application scope of the raw materials is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) synthesis technology, in particular to a method for synthesizing biodiesel through acid-catalyzed reaction rectification. Background technique [0002] Acid catalyzed synthesis of biodiesel is a more suitable catalyst for raw materials containing a certain amount of free fatty acids such as waste oil and vegetable crude oil. Using an appropriate catalyst combination can make esterification and transesterification under the action of an acidic catalyst At the same time, Ju Qinghua and others made a simple summary of this technology (Progress in Chemical Industry, Volume 23, No. 10, 2004), pointing out that the disadvantages of acidic catalysts are long reaction time and high energy consumption. Catalytic distillation is a new chemical technology process, which is a coupled chemical reaction process that combines chemical reaction and rectification separation in the same equipment. The nature...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C11C3/04C11C3/10C10L1/02
CPCY02E50/10
Inventor 宁守俭
Owner 宁守俭
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