Method for preparing functional carbon fibers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nanomaterials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing functional carbon fibers. The method comprises the following steps of: performing carboxylation functionalization on carbon nanotubes; introducing diamine or polyamine onto the carbon nanotubes to obtain amino-coated carbon nanotubes; reacting the amino-coated carbon nanotubes with carboxyl-coated carbon fibers, and controlling reaction time; and introducing diamine or polyamine onto the surfaces of the carbon fibers to obtain the amino functional carbon fibers of which the surfaces are grafted with the carbon nanotubes. The reaction steps are simple and controllable; the carbon fibers are toughened through the strength and toughness of the carbon nanotubes; the adhesive property between the carbon fibers and a resin matrix is improved; the interfacial bond strength of a composite material is improved; and defects that the interfacial rigidity is increased and the toughness is reduced after the carbon fibers are treated by the conventional carbon fiber treatment method are well overcome. The prepared carbon fibers of which the surfaces are grafted with the carbon nanotubes have wide application range.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nanomaterials, and in particular relates to a preparation method of functionalized carbon fibers. Background technique [0002] Since carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were discovered by Japanese scientist Iijima in 1991, their unique mechanical properties, electrical properties, thermal properties and chemical properties have attracted great attention from people in the fields of chemistry, physics and materials science all over the world. It is favored in research and applied research. Although carbon nanotubes have potential applications in the preparation of lightweight, high-strength composite materials, there are still many problems to be solved before it can truly become a reality. Carbon nanotubes have high surface energy and are prone to agglomeration, making it difficult to disperse uniformly in polymers. How to uniformly disperse carbon nanotubes and enhance the bonding between carbon nanotubes and the...

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the high inertia of the carbon fiber surface, low surface energy, few chemically active functional groups, low reactivity, and poor adhesion to the matrix, there are many defects in the interface of the composite material, the interface bonding strength is low, and the interface performance of the composite material is poor. Defects

In addition, the mechanical properties of carbon fiber composite materials in the vertical fiber direction are poor, which makes the interlayer strength of carbon fiber composite materials low, which affects the overall performance of carbon fiber composite materials and limits the application of materials in the aerospace field.

[0004] At present, high-temperature heat treatment, vapor deposition, vapor phase oxidation, liquid phase oxidation, anodic oxidation, chemical coating, electropolymerization coating and cold technology are used to treat carbon fiber, although these methods increase the surface area of ​​carbon fiber to a certain extent and increase the The number of surface functional groups improves the wettability of carbon fiber and resin, and improves the interlayer strength of carbon fiber composite materials to a certain extent; but these methods increase the interface rigidity and reduce the toughness of the material at the same time, and fail to improve interfiber and carbon fiber. The performance of the resin matrix between the plies, so the impact performance of the composite material made of carbon fiber treated by the above method has not been well improved

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