Sugar-based quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and synthesis method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugar-based quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant, which has a general structural formula, wherein a sugar base is a glucose base; R is the long-chain alkyl of C8 to C18; X is chlorine, bromine or iodine; m is equal to 1 to 2; and n is equal to 1 to 2. A synthesis method for the surfactant is simple, comprises the steps of directly synthesizing dihalogenated glycoside and performing quaternization reaction, ensures simple synthesis process and low requirements on equipment and is suitable for industrialization. A sugar-based quaternary ammonium salt structurally has nonionic glucose hydrophilic groups and cationic bisquaternary ammonium salt hydrophilic groups. The product has the bactericidal property, antistatic behavior and hard water resistance of a cationic surfactant, relatively lower irritation, and the high performance of a gemini surfactant as the gemini surfactant, can be compounded with an anionic surfactant to realize synergism, is a multifunctional surfactant, can be widely applied to the industries of textile, papermaking, cosmetics, mining and the like, and has potential application prospect.

Description

technical field The invention relates to the technical field of surfactants, in particular to a sugar-based quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and a synthesis method thereof. Background technique The synthesis of fine chemicals from biomass is one of the hotspots that people pay close attention to in the 21st century. The sugar-based surfactants that have been successfully developed commercially include alkyl polyglycosides, glucosamides and sugar esters. Their raw materials come from natural renewable resources-starch. The products are mild and safe to the human body, easy to biodegrade and environmentally compatible. Well, the range of applications is increasing, especially in pharmaceuticals, biochemistry and biomedicine with potential applications. Quaternary ammonium salt surfactants have good antistatic, soft, antiseptic, bactericidal, emulsifying, and dispersing properties, and are widely used in national pillar industries. But the shortcoming of quaternary ...

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Problems solved by technology

U.S. Patent 3931148 discloses a sugar-based quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, using chlorohydrins, glucose and long-chain tertiary amines as raw materials to synthesize the target product, but the yield is less than 30%, which is difficult to meet industrial requirements

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