Method for producing glass beads used for curing high-level nuclear wastes

Abstract

The invention provides a method for producing glass beads used for curing high-level nuclear wastes. The method comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing raw materials, melting the raw materials into glass solution by using an all-electric glass melting furnace at the temperature of between 1,300 and 14,000 DEG C, clarifying and homogenizing the glass solution for 5 to 8 hours, cooling the glass solution to obtain glass block green bodies, and preparing glass blocks by specifications of finished products from the obtained glass block green bodies; uniformly mixing each 100 parts of the obtained glass blocks with 10 to 25 parts of charcoal powder and 1 to 3 parts of carbon black, and throwing a mixture into a glass bead electrothermal rotary furnace, of which the running speed is 20 to 30 revolution per minute, at a speed of 0.7 to 1.0 kilogram per minute at the temperature of between 850 and 940 DEG C through the glass bead electrothermal revolving furnace, and rolling the mixture to form a ball-shaped mixture; and finally annealing and cooling the ball-shaped mixture to obtain the glass beads used for curing the nuclear wastes. The glass beads used for curing the high-level nuclear wastes produced by the method has ideal high-temperature viscosity, high mechanical strength and high anti-crystallization performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of radioactive nuclear waste treatment, in particular to a production method of glass beads used for solidifying highly radioactive liquid nuclear waste. Background technique [0002] The development of nuclear energy has brought huge social and economic benefits to human beings, but also produced a large amount of radioactive nuclear waste, which will cause great harm to human beings and other living things. For the disposal of radioactive nuclear waste, the most effective way at present is to solidify it, and then make the final geological disposal of the obtained radioactive solidified body. [0003] At present, glass is widely used in the world to solidify high-level radioactive nuclear waste. Glass can solidify all components of high-level radioactive waste, with low leaching rate and relatively good chemical stability. But at the same time, there are also some disadvantages. Glass is a thermodynamically metasta...

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Problems solved by technology

But at the same time, there are also some disadvantages. Glass is a thermodynamically metastable substance, which has a larger internal energy than crystalline substances, and has a tendency to transform into a crystalline state by reducing the internal energy.

At the same time, the crystalline substances precipitated in the glass are more soluble in water, causing the nuclear substances in the vitrified body to be easily leached.

The mechanical strength of the glass is not ideal. Once the glass solidified body is broken, the specific surface area of ​​the solidified body will increase, resulting in an increase in the leaching rate

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