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Expression monitoring by hybridization to high density oligonucleotide arrays

a technology of high density oligonucleotide and expression monitoring, which is applied in the direction of sequential/parallax process reactions, digital storage, library screening, etc., can solve the problems of difficult or impossible to distinguish two or more gene products of approximately the same molecular weight, difficult to obtain an accurate and reliable measure of gene expression with one, or even a few, probes to the target gen

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-09-18
AFFYMETRIX INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0008]The present invention is premised, in part, on the discovery that microfabricated arrays of large numbers of different oligonucleotide probes (DNA chips) may effectively be used to not only detect the presence or absence of target nucleic acid sequences, but to quantify the relative abundance of the target sequenc

Problems solved by technology

The use of “traditional” hybridization protocols for monitoring or quantifying gene expression is problematic.
For example two or more gene products of approximately the same molecular weight will prove difficult or impossible to distinguish in a Northern blot because they are not readily separated by electrophoretic methods.
Similarly, as hybridization efficiency and cross-reactivity varies with the particular subsequence (region) of a gene being probed it is difficult obtain an accurate and reliable measure of gene expression with one, or even a few, probes to the target gene.

Method used

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  • Expression monitoring by hybridization to high density oligonucleotide arrays
  • Expression monitoring by hybridization to high density oligonucleotide arrays
  • Expression monitoring by hybridization to high density oligonucleotide arrays

Examples

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example 1

First Generation Oligonucleotide Arrays Designed to Measure mRNA Levels for a Small Number of Murine Cytokines

[0715]A. Preparation of Labeled RNA

[0716]1. From Each of the Preselected Genes

[0717]Fourteen genes (IL-2, IL-3, Il-4, IL-6, Il-10, IL-12p4, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, CTLA8, β-actin, GAPDH, IL-11 receptor, and Bio B) were each cloned into the p Bluescript II KS (+) phagemid (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif., USA). The orientation of the insert was such that T3 RNA polymerase gave sense transcripts and T7 polymerase gave antisense RNA.

[0718]Labeled ribonucleotides in an in vitro transcription (IVT) reaction. Either biotin- or fluorescein-labeled UTP and CTP (1:3 labeled to unlabeled) plus unlabeled ATP and GTP were used for the reaction with 2500 units of T7 RNA polymerase (Epicentre Technologies, Madison, Wis., USA). In vitro transcription was done with cut templates in a manner like that described by Melton et al., Nucleic Acids Research, 12: 7035-7056 (1984). A typical in vitro tra...

example 2

T Cell Induction Experiments Measuring Cytokine mRNAs as a Function of Time Following Stimulation

[0762]The high density arrays of this invention were next used to monitor cytokine mRNA levels in murine T cells at different times following a biochemical stimulus. Cells from the murine T helper cell line (2-D6) were treated with the phorbol ester 4-phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and a calcium ionophore. Poly (A)+ mRNA was then isolated at 0, 2, 6 and 24 hours after stimulation. Isolated mRNA (approximately 1 μg) was converted to labeled antisense RNA using a procedure that combines a double-stranded cDNA synthesis step with a subsequent in vitro transcription reaction. This RNA synthesis and labeling procedure amplifies the entire mRNA population by 20 to 50-fold in an apparently unbiased and reproducible fashion (Table 2).

[0763]The labeled antisense T-cell RNA from the four time points was then hybridized to DNA probe arrays for 2 and 22 hours. A large increase in the γ-interf...

example 3

Higher-Density Arrays Containing 65.000 Probes for Over 100 Murine Genes

[0765]FIG. 5 shows an array that contains over 65,000 different oligonucleotide probes (50 μm feature size) following hybridization with an entire murine B cell. RNA population. Arrays of this complexity were read at a resolution of 7.5 μm in less than fifteen minutes. The array contains probes for 118 genes including 12 murine genes represented on the simpler array described above, 35 U.S.C. §1020 additional murine genes, three bacterial genes and one phage gene. There are approximately 300 probe pairs per gene, with the probes chosen using the selection rules described herein. The probes were chosen from the 600 bases of sequence at the 3′ end of the translated region of each gene. A total of 21 murine RNAs were unambiguously detected in the B cell RNA population, at levels ranging from approximately 1:300,000 to 1:100.

[0766]Labeled RNA samples from the T cell induction experiments (FIG. 4) were hybridized to ...

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Abstract

The present invention provides methods for comparing and identifying differences in nucleic acid sequences using a plurality of sequence specific recognition reagents (i.e., probes comprising a nucleic acid complementary to a nucleic acid sequence in collections to be compared) bound to a solid surface.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 529,115 filed on Sep. 15, 1995 which is herein incorporated by reference for all purposes, and claims priority to WO / 96 / 14839. This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 670,118 filed on Jun. 25, 1996, which is a division of U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 168,904 filed Dec. 15, 1993, which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 07 / 624,114 filed Dec. 6, 1990. U.S. Ser. No. 07 / 624,114 is a CIP of U.S. Ser. No. 07 / 362,901 filed Jun. 7, 1990. All of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the xerographic reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure in exactly the form it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves al...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C40B30/04C40B60/12B01J19/00C07B61/00C07H19/10C07H21/00C07K1/04C07K17/06C07K17/14C12Q1/68C40B40/06C40B40/10C40B60/14G01N15/14G03F7/00G03F7/004G03F7/26G03F7/38G11C13/02
CPCB01J19/0046B01J2219/00315G11C13/0019G11C13/0014G03F7/38G03F7/265G03F7/0045B01J2219/00432B01J2219/00434B01J2219/00436B01J2219/00459B01J2219/00468B01J2219/00475B01J2219/005B01J2219/00527B01J2219/00529B01J2219/00531B01J2219/00585B01J2219/0059B01J2219/00596B01J2219/00605B01J2219/00608B01J2219/0061B01J2219/00612B01J2219/00617B01J2219/00619B01J2219/00621B01J2219/00626B01J2219/00637B01J2219/00644B01J2219/00648B01J2219/00659B01J2219/00689B01J2219/00695B01J2219/00711B01J2219/00722B01J2219/00725B82Y10/00B82Y30/00C07B2200/11C07H19/10C07H21/00C07K1/042C07K1/045C07K17/06C07K17/14C12Q1/6809C12Q1/6816C12Q1/6827C12Q1/6837C12Q1/6874C40B40/06C40B40/10C40B60/14G01N15/1475G03F7/00C12Q2565/507C12Q2521/325G01N15/1433
Inventor FODOR, STEPHEN P.A.SOLAS, DENNIS W.DOWER, WILLIAM J.
Owner AFFYMETRIX INC
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