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Slowly digesting starch and fermentable fiber

a technology of which is applied in the field of slowly digesting starch and fermentable fiber, can solve the problems of rds and high gi foods

Active Publication Date: 2007-08-23
PURDUE RES FOUND INC +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0028] The starch-based microparticles and microspheres of this invention are useful as foods, as food ingredients for food preparation, and as prophylactic or therapeutic compositions for prevention and / or treatment of diseases of the colon. The starch-based microspheres or microparticles of this invention are also useful in the preparation of foods with potential health benefits for diabetes, prediabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. The starch-based microparticles and microspheres provide a prebiotic fiber material which provides benefit for colon health and which in particular is useful to prevent and treat gut inflammation
[0030] The starch-containing compositions of this invention provide slow and prolonged release of glucose which can be beneficial to mental performance.

Problems solved by technology

The use of probiotics is based on the concept that there is a healthy balance of bacteria in the intestinal tracts and that dysbiosis, the disruption of that balance, can result in illness.
While native starches can be an excellent source of SDS and RS, the slowly digesting property is lost during thermal food processing resulting in RDS and high GI foods.

Method used

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  • Slowly digesting starch and fermentable fiber
  • Slowly digesting starch and fermentable fiber
  • Slowly digesting starch and fermentable fiber

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Entrapment of Starch in Alginate Microparticles / Microspheres

[0096] Effect of alginate concentration on efficiency of starch entrapment and digestion properties.

[0097] Sodium alginate (low viscosity, Sigma) was used to form microparticles. To 50 g water, a weighed amount of sodium alginate to obtain a 0-3% w / w solution was added, and then the mixture was stirred continuously to obtain a clear solution. Five grams of normal cornstarch (NCS) was added and mixed to form a homogenous suspension. Under continuous stirring, this mixture was dropped into a beaker containing 2% w / v calcium chloride solution (CaCI2) at room temperature (25° C.) through a hypodermic needle using a peristaltic pump. The alginate spheres prepared were allowed to incubate for 2-3 hr in the 2% w / v CaCI2 solution and then harvested by filtration. The collected beads were washed 3 times with distilled water and then dried for 12 hr in a hot air oven at 45° C.

[0098] A known weight of entrapped starch (˜-200 mg eq...

example 2

Effect of Sphere Size on Starch Digestibility.

[0101] Samples were prepared as in Example 1 using 2% alginate solution and NCS. Starch microspheres of different sizes were prepared by atomizing the alginate-starch homogenous suspension into the 2% w / v calcium chloride solution. The size of the cooked starch spheres influenced starch digestion rate (FIG. 1). A decrease in sphere size (8- to 40-mesh) resulted in an increase in both RDS (15% to 59%) and SDS (15% to 46%).

example 3

Effect of Calcium Chloride Solution on Starch Digestibility

[0102] Samples were prepared as in Example 1 using 1% alginate solution and NCS and dropping the alginate-starch homogenous suspension into a calcium chloride solution at various concentrations (0.5-4.0% w / v). As illustrated in FIG. 2, increasing CaCI2concentration (0.5% to 4%) resulted in a small decrease in RDS with a corresponding increase in RS. SDS values, however, did not change significantly.

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Abstract

Compositions which provide slowly digestible starch and a source of fermentable dietary fiber. Microparticles in which starch is entrapped in a crosslinked matrix to provide dietary benefit. Such microparticles are used to deliver glucose to targeted regions in the small intestine for beneficial physiological effects, and fermentable dietary fiber to the colon to improve colon health and to treat diseases of the colon. Microparticles can be employed to selectively deliver fermentable dietary fiber to targeted portions of the colon. A method for making the microparticles is provided as well as methods for using the microparticles for controlled digestion of starch on ingestion in the small intestine and methods for using the microparticles to deliver dietary fiber. The microparticles with entrapped starch provide a low glycemic index and extended glucose release in food products and food ingredients. The microparticles with entrapped starch can, in particular, be used as an ingredient in foods that are to be cooked.

Description

CROSSREFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60 / 742,923 filed Dec. 6, 2005 which is incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Starch, being the principal component in most staple foods such as cereals and tubers, is the major food carbohydrate contributing to postprandial glycemia. Digestibility of starch is directly associated with glycemic / insulinemic response and the occurrence of glucose metabolism-related health conditions like diabetes and pre-diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. Therefore, the glycemic index (GI) or glycemic response of starch in foods is increasingly becoming an important factor for human health. [0003] GI is a measure of the rise in blood glucose level that is triggered by consumption of a carbohydrate and relates to the blood glucose profile seen over a period of 2 hours (hr) after consumption of a starch-based or sugar-co...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61K47/00A61K31/718C08B33/00
CPCA61K9/1652A61K31/718C08L3/02C08L5/04C08L5/06A23L1/308C08L2666/26A23L33/21
Inventor HAMAKER, BRUCE R.VENKATACHALAM, MAHESHZHANG, GENYIKESHAVARZIAN, ALIROSE, DEVIN J.
Owner PURDUE RES FOUND INC
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