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Epoxidized ester additives for reducing lead corrosion in lubricants and fuels

a technology of ester additives and additives, applied in the field of fuels, can solve the problems of engine bearings being particularly prone to corrosion, increasing friction, and losing fuel economy

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-05-04
CHEMTURA CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0041] It has now been found that epoxidized esters, epoxidized diesters, and epoxidized triesters (hereinafter collectively termed “epoxidized esters”) are useful as lubricant additives, imparting anti-corrosive properties to the lubricant that protect lead and copper from corrosion. The epoxidized ester additives impart protection to the lubricated system against the corrosive tendencies of other additives that might otherwise be desirable to add to the lubricant, such as glycerol mono-oleate, which is useful as a phosphorus-free friction modifier and anti-wear agent.

Problems solved by technology

Corrosion may also be due to contaminants, such as water and combustion by-products, that are normally present in the engine.
Engine bearings are particularly prone to corrosion, especially copper-lead bearings.
It is important to protect these bearings from corrosion, as bearing corrosion can lead to wear, increased friction, lost fuel economy, and, ultimately, catastrophic engine failure.
Lead that is leached from the bearings by corrosion contaminates the oil and poses additional environmental problems from particulate emissions and toxic waste pollution.
Very little can be done, however, to protect against materials that are corrosive to lead.
The known lead anti-corrosion additives are not satisfactory.
Many of these additives are expensive, being prepared by multi-step processes from costly starting materials.
Others contain phosphorus, which is undesirable in its own right, as phosphorus is suspected of limiting the service life of the catalytic converters that are used on cars to reduce pollution.
However, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates give rise to ash, which contributes to particulate matter in automotive exhaust emissions, and regulatory agencies are seeking to reduce emissions of zinc into the environment.

Method used

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  • Epoxidized ester additives for reducing lead corrosion in lubricants and fuels
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  • Epoxidized ester additives for reducing lead corrosion in lubricants and fuels

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Pb & Cu Corrosion Testing

[0123] The results of a Cummins bench test for measuring the degree of Cu and Pb corrosion of an oil formulation using an American Petroleum Institute (API) Group II base stock are shown in Table 1. The Cummins bench test is part of the API CH-4 category for diesel engine oils. Four metal coupons (25.4 mm squares) of pure lead, copper, tin, and phosphor-bronze are immersed in 100 mL of oil at 121° C. with air bubbling through (5 L / hr) for 168 hours. The used oil is analyzed for metals and the copper sample is examined for discoloration. The limits for API CH-4 are 20 ppm Cu, 120 ppm Pb, 50 ppm Sn in used oil and 3 max for the ASTM D 130 rating of the copper square. Additives were blended into a fully formulated SAE 15W-40 oil with API CI-4 and CH-4 credentials.

[0124] In the first row of Table 1 are data generated on the SAE 15W-40 oil without any top treat of other additives. In the next row is seen the increase in lead corrosion that results from adding ...

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Abstract

Fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, and lubricants, especially lubricating oils, contain a class of anti-corrosion, anti-fatigue, and anti-wear additives that are derived epoxidized esters of fatty acids. Epoxidized 2-ethylhexyl tallate is particularly effective.

Description

[0001] I claim the benefit under Title 35, United States Code, § 120 of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 623,036, filed Oct. 29, 2004, entitled EPOXIDIZED ESTER ADDITIVES FOR REDUCING LEAD CORROSION IN LUBRICANTS AND FUELS.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention is related to fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, and lubricants, especially lubricating oils, and, more particularly, to a class of anti-corrosion additives that are derived from epoxidized esters for such fuels and lubricants. [0004] 2. Description of Related Art [0005] In developing lubricating oils, there have been many attempts to provide additives that protect metal engine parts from corrosion. Metal corrosion may variously result from the corrosivity of the lubricant itself or, more frequently, from corrosive additives that are added to the lubricant formulation to impart other desired properties, such as anti-wear and extreme pressure protection. Corrosion may als...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10L1/18
CPCC10L1/1881C10L1/19C10L1/1905C10L1/191C10L1/224C10L1/226C10L1/233C10L1/2425C10L1/301C10L10/08C10M129/66C10M141/00C10M141/02C10M2207/10C10M2207/24C10M2207/283C10M2207/287C10M2207/289C10M2207/40C10M2215/08C10M2215/223C10M2215/28C10M2219/062C10M2219/064C10M2219/066C10M2219/09C10M2219/104C10M2219/106C10M2227/09C10N2230/12C10N2030/12
Inventor ROWLAND, ROBERT G.MIGDAL, CYRIL A.
Owner CHEMTURA CORP
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