Fuel cell low-temperature rapid cold start system and method, and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a fuel cell low-temperature rapid cold start system and method, and a vehicle. The system comprises a hydrogen inlet pipeline and an air inlet pipeline which are communicated with an electric pile, wherein a branch is arranged between the air inlet pipeline and the hydrogen inlet pipeline, one side of the branch is communicated with a pipeline between an air compressor and an air inlet throttle valve in the air inlet pipeline, the other side of the branch is communicated with a heat exchange cavity arranged in the hydrogen inlet pipeline, and a branch valve is arranged on the branch. According to the invention, cold hydrogen is preheated in a heat exchange cavity by utilizing relatively high-temperature gas at the outlet of an air compressor, so that air and hydrogen entering an electric pile are relatively high in temperature; the problem of quick cold start of the fuel cell at low temperature or extremely low temperature is solved, and the start time is shortened while the start success rate is improved; and the cold purging time is shortened, the fuel cell system does not need to wait for shutdown after parking, and the customer experience is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a system, method and vehicle for rapid cold start of a fuel cell at low temperature. Background technique [0002] At present, there are mainly three types of electricity that meet industrial-scale production: thermal power, hydropower, and nuclear power. Fuel cell power generation is gradually becoming the fourth type of electricity, and it is also rising in developed countries such as the United States and Japan. A fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It has the advantages of high power generation efficiency, low pollution, and low noise. It can be widely used in many fields such as automobiles, military affairs, and power plants. [0003] However, under the current state of technological development, the fuel cell system still has certain technical difficulties due to its own working principle, especially cold start at low tempe...

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Problems solved by technology

Although this method can increase the temperature of the gas entering the stack, due to the high flow rate of the hot and cold fluid passing through the vortex chamber, it is difficult to control the temperature and take a long time to stabilize the temperature; although it can increase the temperature of the gas entering the stack to a certain extent, it still does not avoid There is a certain risk of failure when the stack is started in a low temperature environment

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