Electrolyte containing composite additive and application thereof

A technology of composite additives and electrolytes, applied in electrolytes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of easy flatulence of batteries and the influence of cycle performance of lithium-ion batteries on protective films, etc., achieve fast conduction rate and improve charge-discharge cycle performance , the effect of low impedance

Pending Publication Date: 2021-11-16
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For high-rate fast-charging electrolytes, organic solvents with low boiling point and low viscosity are usually used, which will cause the battery to be easily swollen at high temperature, although it is possible to form a barrier between the electrolyte and the active material on the surface of the positive and negative electrodes by adding film-forming additives. The protective film can inhibit the decomposition of solvent to solve the problem of flatulence caused by electrolyte decomposition, but the protective film often affects the cycle performance and rate performance of lithium-ion batteries due to excessive impedance

Method used

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  • Electrolyte containing composite additive and application thereof
  • Electrolyte containing composite additive and application thereof
  • Electrolyte containing composite additive and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] In an argon glove box where the oxygen pressure and water pressure are both less than 0.1ppm, the standard electrolyte preparation composition is as follows, lithium salt: 1.0mol L -1 Lithium hexafluorophosphate; Organic solvent: a mixture of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate with a volume ratio of 3:7, as a control group;

[0034] On the basis of the reference electrolyte, composite additives were added: 2wt% lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 0.5wt% lithium nitrate, and the obtained electrolyte was used as the experimental group;

[0035] Heat and stir at 40°C in an argon glove box for 0.5h until lithium nitrate is completely dissolved;

[0036] The electrolyte is used to prepare a lithium battery with artificial graphite as a negative electrode, a lithium sheet as a counter electrode, and a single-layer polypropylene film as a diaphragm. After testing, it is measured by a Li / Graphite battery and activated at 0.1C (1C=320mAh / g) After three cycles, the capa...

Embodiment 2

[0038] In an argon glove box where the oxygen pressure and water pressure are both less than 0.1ppm, the standard electrolyte preparation composition is lithium salt; 1.0mol L -1 Lithium hexafluorophosphate; organic solvent: a mixture of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 3:7, as a control group;

[0039] On the basis of the reference electrolyte, composite additives: 3wt% lithium tetrafluoroborate and 0.5wt% lithium nitrate were added, and the obtained electrolyte was used as the experimental group;

[0040] Heat and stir at 40° C. for 0.5 h in an argon glove box until lithium nitrate is completely dissolved.

[0041] The electrolyte is used for the full battery test with metal lithium as the negative electrode and nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide as the positive electrode. The single-layer polypropylene film is used as the separator. After testing, after three cycles of activation at 0.1C (1C=220mAh / g), the experimental group The capacities ...

Embodiment 3

[0043] In an argon glove box with oxygen pressure and water pressure less than 0.1ppm, the electrolyte preparation composition is as follows: lithium salt: 1.0mol L-1 lithium hexafluorophosphate; organic solvent: ethylene carbonate: dimethyl carbonate = 3: 7 ( volume ratio); composite additives: 1wt% lithium trifluoroacetate and 1wt% lithium nitrate, heated and stirred at 40° C. for 0.5 h in an argon glove box until the lithium nitrate was completely dissolved.

[0044] The electrolyte is used for full battery testing with metal lithium as the negative electrode and nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide as the positive electrode. The single-layer polypropylene film is used as the diaphragm. After testing, the capacity after three cycles of activation at 0.1C (1C=200mAh / g) is 208.5 mAh / g, the capacity after 100 cycles at 1.0C is 153.7mAh / g, and the capacity retention rate is 73.7%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolyte containing a composite additive, and the electrolyte comprises an electrolyte lithium salt, an organic solvent and the composite additive; the organic solvent is a carbonic ester solvent, the composite additive is a salt with a strong Lewis base anion group and lithium nitrate, and the electrolyte can be applied to a lithium ion battery or a lithium metal battery. The electrolyte can react on the surface of a negative electrode to generate a layer of inorganic fast ion solid electrolyte protection film rich in lithium nitrogen oxide, lithium oxide and the like, so that the transmission of lithium ions in the solid electrolyte film is accelerated, and the strength of the solid electrolyte film is enhanced; therefore, the normal-temperature and high-temperature fast charge cycle performance and the normal-temperature and low-temperature power performance of the lithium ion battery are further improved; and the composite additive has good compatibility with the currently mainstream fluoroethylene carbonate additive.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of secondary batteries, in particular to an electrolyte solution containing composite additives and its application. Background technique [0002] At present, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in many fields such as portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, there are higher requirements for the performance of power batteries in various fields, especially in the field of electric vehicles, which has an urgent demand for high rate performance and high energy density of batteries. Although lithium titanate, which is commonly used in lithium-ion battery anode materials in the current market, can meet the needs of fast charging, its high lithium intercalation platform determines its low energy density. In order to meet the increasing demand for high energy density and high rate, it is imperative to develop lithium-ion batteries that can take into account high energy density and fast chargin...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/0525H01M10/42
CPCH01M10/0567H01M10/0525H01M10/4235H01M2300/0091Y02E60/10
Inventor 杜春雨肖让任阳尹鸽平左朋建程新群马玉林高云智
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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