Kitchen waste heating and filtering treatment device and treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to a kitchen waste heating and filtering treatment device. The device comprises a pit used for containing equipment, a smashing mechanism is arranged in the pit and used for smashing kitchen waste, an oil-water separation mechanism is arranged on the right side of the smashing mechanism and used for separating oil, water and residues, and a fermentation mechanism is arranged on the right side of the oil-water separation mechanism and used for fermenting the residues, wherein a solid-liquid separation treatment mechanism is arranged on the right side of the fermentation mechanism and used for filtering the residues. The kitchen waste heating and filtering treatment device and method have the advantages of being simple in process route, low in energy consumption, high in automation degree and high in resource reutilization rate, and are particularly suitable for centralized resourceful treatment of small-scale kitchen waste; and therefore, the problem of protein homology does not exist at the same time, compared with landfill treatment, the method is safer, and the pollution to the environment can be reduced to the minimum.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a kitchen waste heating and filtering treatment device and treatment method. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization, catering enterprises have developed rapidly, and the output of kitchen waste has increased rapidly. However, due to the weak awareness of traditional management and the lack of corresponding treatment facilities, a large number of untreated kitchen waste Garbage and waste oil flow into the society through various channels, which not only affects the city appearance and environmental sanitation, but also brings serious hidden dangers to the food hygiene safety of the people. And concentrated transportation to domestic waste landfill for landfill treatment; second, unified purchase by the government, and centralized incineration; third, after unified collect...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, due to the lack of sufficient food waste treatment facilities, a large amount of food waste directly enters the domestic waste landfill without treatment, which will bring the following problems and hidden dangers to the landfill. On the one hand, due to the oil content of food waste And the water content is extremely high. During the landfill operation, the high-fat water will block the gravel diversion layer, causing poor drainage of the internal leachate, increasing the free head of the anti-seepage layer of the landfill, and increasing the possibility of leachate loss. , serious incidents such as groundwater pollution are very likely to occur; on the other hand, compared with domestic waste, the anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste has a very high gas production rate, and the generated biogas accumulates inside it. When it reaches its critical point, it will suddenly rush out and communicate with the outside world. The mixture of air causes the concentration of methane to increase suddenly. If the garbage is covered with soil or the depth of the landfill increases, the air permeability will be affected even more. The accumulated methane in the garbage accumulation will increase rapidly, and it is very likely to reach its explosion limit, which will cause a landfill explosion. , causing serious safety accidents, and incineration is not suitable for incineration because the food waste is different from domestic waste, the water content of food waste usually reaches about 90%, and its calorific value is very low; although aerobic composting can However, due to the characteristics of food waste itself, aerobic fermentation treatment of food waste is directly carried out at home and abroad, especially in large-scale treatment plants, and there are few successful cases of operation, mainly due to the Constrained by the fertilizer market demand and its seasonal fluctuations, the final product of aerobic composting is facing the problem of difficulty in the exit of finished fertilizer products. At the same time, the moisture content of food waste usually exceeds 80%. During the process, it is easy to fill up the entire space of the entire stack, causing the microorganisms to be in an anaerobic fermentation state, thereby slowing down the degradation rate and producing odors such as hydrogen sulfide, which seriously affects the aerobic fermentation process; and the kitchen waste contains a lot of oil At the same time, it restricts the vitality of microorganisms, prolongs the fermentation process cycle, and reduces the quality of fermented products. The method of anaerobic fermentation is to use the biogas generated by anaerobic decomposition to generate electricity and realize the resource utilization of kitchen waste. However, this process The requirements for equipment are extremely high, especially for the front-end sorting process, and it is necessary to ensure that the food waste has a certain scale in order to achieve economies of scale and reduce its treatment costs, and the complexity and variety of equipment make the initial investment huge, and the processing The waste residue and biogas slurry produced in the process are difficult to deal with and the treatment cost is high. As for the way of finally steaming them to make feed, although this process has the characteristics of high degree of mechanization, less equipment, and low investment, due to high-temperature cooking, only Kill the harmful bacteria in the kitchen waste, but cannot "denature" the animal protein. The hidden danger of "homology effect" still exists. If it is fed to livestock for a long time, there is a possibility of genetic variation. In addition, the final product of this process The nutritional content of the feed cannot meet the nutritional needs of livestock at different stages, so it is not accepted by the academic circles. The so-called "protein" feed actually turns "wet water" into "dry water", and there is a lot of water in the process of processing. The stench overflows, and the air pollution is serious

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