Fixed bed hydrogenation reactor and heavy oil liquid phase hydrogenation process

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixed bed hydrogenation reactor and a heavy oil liquid phase hydrogenation process, the hydrogenation reactor comprises a reactor outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder, an annular area is arranged between the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder, the cross sectional area of the inner cylinder is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder is uniformly provided with holes communicated with the annular area; the top opening of the inner cylinder is flush with the bottom of a upper seal head of the reactor; the bottom of the inner cylinder is hermetically connected with a lower seal head of the reactor; a shell-and-tube ceramic membrane tube assembly is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, a hydrogen supplementing pipeline is communicated with the ceramic membrane tube, and a liquid phase feeding pipeline is communicated with an in-shell cavity outside the ceramic membrane tube; partition plates are alternately arranged in the inner cylinder and the annular area at different heights; the inner cylinder is filled with a hydrogenation catalyst I, the annular area is filled with a hydrogenation catalyst II, and the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst I is higher than that of the hydrogenation catalyst II. According to the method, firstly, the heavy oil raw material is subjected to visbreaking treatment, and then the material is alternately subjected to hydrogenation reaction with different active catalysts in the inner barrel and the annular area along the flow channel arranged in the reactor, so that the problems of high activity and large temperature rise in the early stage of reaction can be controlled, and higher conversion rate in the middle stage of reaction is ensured; the deep cracking reaction in the later high-temperature stage of the reaction can be reduced, and the liquid yield is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical industry, and in particular relates to a fixed-bed hydrogenation reactor and a heavy oil liquid-phase hydrogenation process. Background technique [0002] Heavy oil hydrogenation reaction process and reactors are divided into various types, such as fixed bed hydrogenation process and reactor, suspended bed hydrogenation process and reactor, ebullated bed hydrogenation process and reactor, etc., among which fixed bed hydrogenation reaction The device is the most widely used and can be used in various types of heavy oil hydrogenation processes. [0003] Compared with the gas / liquid / solid three-phase hydrogenation process, the heavy oil liquid-phase hydrogenation process has many advantages such as fast hydrogenation reaction rate, high reaction efficiency, high catalyst utilization rate, low energy consumption, and low investment. However, the heavy oil liquid-phase hydrogenation reaction process has t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fixed-bed hydrogenation reactor and a heavy oil liquid-phase hydrogenation process. Through the present invention, by controlling the reaction material to alternately undergo hydrogenation reactions with different active catalysts along the flow channel in the reactor, Solve the problems of high activity and large temperature rise in the early stage of the reaction in the process of heavy oil liquid phase hydrogenation, ensure a high conversion rate in the middle stage of the reaction, reduce the deep cracking reaction in the high temperature stage of the late reaction, and increase the liquid yield

Images