Method for breeding lotus triploid by 2n pollen hybridization

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for breeding lotus triploid by 2n pollen hybridization. The method comprises the following steps that stamens of lotus are induced to stably and efficiently generate 2n pollen, sexual hybridization is carried out on the 2n pollen and diploid plants to obtain triploid lotus seeds, and germinating and cultivating are carried out to obtain triploid plants; and during induction, lotus buds which grow strongly and have the length of 3-3.5 cm are selected, outer-layer petals of the buds are pushed aside, a layer of petals are reserved at the inner side to wrap stamen groups, cotton is filled between the pushed aside outer-layer petals and the reserved inner-layer petals, a colchicine solution with the concentration of 0.02-0.03 wt% is dropwise added twice, and artificial pollination is performed after the stamens are mature and pollen is loose to obtain mature triploid lotus seeds. The treatment manner is stable, the success rate of 2n pollen induction is high, the flower buds can be treated on a large scale, directional hybridization and selfing can be carried out, the breeding process is simple and convenient, the breeding period is short, the obtained triploid is large in plant type, the flower quantity is increased, the flowering degree is high, the flower color is bright, and the diversity of the lotus triploid is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of lotus breeding, and in particular relates to a method for breeding lotus triploids by using 2n pollen hybridization. Background technique [0002] The lotus is a plant of the genus Nelumbo Adans. It is one of the ten traditional famous flowers in China, and it is also the national flower of India and Vietnam and the sacred flower of world famous religions. It has extremely high cultural connotation and ornamental value. At the same time, lotus root is one of the important vegetables in China; lotus seeds, flowers and leaves can be used as medicine; it can also be used for ecological environment purification and restoration; therefore, lotus also has very important economic value. [0003] So far, there are only two species of lotus, the Asian lotus distributed in Asia and northern Australia, and the American lotus located in North America and Central America. There are many varieties of Asian lotus, including sing...

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Problems solved by technology

[0010] The selection of tetraploid parents generally needs to be screened by induced seeds or bud points. It takes at least 2 to 3 times or years until seedling formation, identification, and stability testing. Most of the obtained plants are chimeras of different ploidy, so the cycle Long, heavy workload, high cost

[0011] In addition, Huang Guozhen et al. (New Varieties of Lotus. Chinese Flower Horticulture, 18:46-49, 2007) obtained some triploid plants by inducing doubling of lotus seeds, but did not disclose the specific treatment process

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