Electronic waste recycling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electronic waste recycling, and provides an electronic waste recycling method. The method comprises the following steps: disassembling a large element into electronic waste, firstly melting low-melting-point metallic tin through a tin melting furnace, enabling the separated electronic waste to pass through a crushing device to realize metal and nonmetal dissociation, separating dissociated metal components by using a certain separation technology, obtaining most of nonmetal and metal components which are separated, leaching the metal components through a leaching agent, performing electrolytic separation on the leached metal through the leaching agent in an electrolytic mode, regenerating the leaching agent at an anode and recycling; and performing acid leaching on the nonmetal components obtained through sorting to remove mingled metal, and washing the nonmetal components with water to be used for manufacturing composite materials or building materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of recycling electronic waste, and in particular relates to a method for recycling electronic waste. Background technique [0002] After household and industrial electrical equipment is damaged, most of them become electronic waste. Among them, household electrical appliances such as mobile phones, TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners are replaced more frequently. A large amount of e-waste is generated around the world every year. According to incomplete statistics, China alone generated 5.384 million tons of e-waste for common equipment in 2017. The circuit board is an important component of most electrical equipment. It is composed of electronic components and component carriers. Electronic components and component carriers contain a variety of metals, including copper, iron, aluminum, zinc, lead, etc. The content of precious metals such as palladium and palladium is low; the non-metallic comp...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Chinese patent CN201611000586.7 has designed a set of electronic waste metal recycling device. After the electronic waste is crushed, the organic matter and low-melting point substances are converted into volatile substances through pyrolysis treatment, and the oil is recovered through the settling device. The tail gas is pyrolyzed and cooled. After being disposed by bag filters and spray towers, metals and some high-temperature-resistant inorganic materials are left in the decomposition device to realize the separation of metals and non-metals. The process design is complete, the waste generated is effectively treated, and metals and oil are recovered at the same time , but the metal concentrate contains some non-metals, which need further treatment and purification

[0005] Chinese patent CN106705058B discloses a process of using hydrometallurgy to extract metals and pyrolyzing organic matter to recover oil. After the electronic waste is crushed and sorted, the metal separation components are dissolved by acid leaching to dissolve copper, and the dissolved copper is recovered using an electrolytic device. Copper plates and non-metals enter the high-temperature pyrolysis device. At high temperature, part of the organic matter is decomposed into pyrolysis gas and tar, and the pyrolysis gas is recycled as raw material gas. This method recovers less metal impurities and is easy to operate, but Residue not processed

[0006] Chinese patent CN104313332B discloses electronic waste crushing, after high-voltage electrostatic separation of metals and non-metals, the metal components are placed in a melting furnace, dissolved at different temperatures, stirred, and left to stand, using the melting points and density differences of iron, copper, tin / lead, Realize three-phase separation, the process operation is simple, and the metal enrichment effect is good, but electronic waste often contains a variety of metals, and the metal obtained by this method will contain more heteroelement metals, and further refining is required to obtain single Metals, and the method described in the patent is mainly aimed at the recovery of metals, and the separated non-metallic parts need to be properly treated

[0007] At present, most research and treatment processes are mainly focused on the recovery of metals. Most of the non-metallic components are converted into oil and gas through pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is easy to produce toxic gases. The residue produced by pyrolysis contains more metals and needs further treatment.

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