Fertilizer application method suitable for fertilizer reduction and synergy of winter wheat in Shajiang black soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer application method suitable for fertilizer reduction and synergy of winter wheat in Shajiang black soil. The fertilizer application method specifically comprises the following steps of (1) crushing all summer corn straws, returning to the field, leveling the field, applying a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphorus fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer, and ploughing; (2) in the middle ten days of October, selecting wheat varieties, and seeding through a wide seeder, wherein the seeding quantity is 10-12.5 kg / mu, the line spacing is 18-22 cm, and the seeding depth is 3-4 cm; (3) topdressing controlled-release urea in the wheat reviving period, and irrigating in time; and (4) harvesting in the full ripening period of the period with the maximum grain weight ofthe wheat. According to the method, a winter wheat-Shajiang black soil-fertilizer system is taken as a research object, reasonable fertilization gives consideration to both reduction and synergy of the fertilizer and stable high yield of the winter wheat, agricultural non-point source pollution can be scientifically prevented and treated, coordinated development of agricultural production and environmental protection is promoted, and a specific implementation mode and way are provided for guaranteeing grain safety and environmental safety.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and more specifically relates to a fertilization method suitable for reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers and increasing the efficiency of winter wheat in Shajiang black soil. Background technique [0002] Shajiang black soil is a kind of semi-aqueous soil formed under the warm temperate semi-humid climate, mainly affected by local factors (topography, parent material, groundwater) and biological factors. Shajiang black soil was mostly low-yield soil before the 1960s, and its low-yield factors can be summarized as follows: poor farmland infrastructure, poor management of agricultural production, and poor ecological conditions; Autumn drought and winter drought) frequent damage; soil use and nutrition imbalance, low organic matter content, lack of phosphorus and nitrogen, and lack of trace elements such as zinc, boron, molybdenum, etc.; soil texture is too sticky, poor structure and l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, because crop roots and soil nutrients are more concentrated in the shallow layer, cracks and drought in the upper soil restrict the root system’s use of upper soil water, and more importantly, it restricts the root system’s absorption and utilization of nutrients enriched in the upper layer. The root system in the deep layer of the crop can effectively absorb and utilize rich deep soil water and shallow groundwater, and does not show the drought characteristics of water deficit

That is, although the wheat still appears to be robust, there has been a significant negative effect on nutrient uptake

[0005] At present, most people are tapping the potential of increasing wheat production under the condition of abundant fertilizers. While realizing the goal of "high yield and high quality" agricultural production, they have ignored the decline in agricultural production efficiency, resulting in an increase in the amount of wheat fertilizer applied year by year. However, the yield does not increase accordingly, and the fertilizer use efficiency decreases significantly, which has adverse effects on the agricultural environment