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Aerogel composite membrane and preparation method and application thereof

An airgel and composite membrane technology, applied in the field of membrane distillation, can solve the problems of high thermal conductivity, potential pollution, and high cost of membrane production, and achieve the effect of green and convenient preparation process and guaranteed mechanical strength

Active Publication Date: 2020-10-16
INST OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In order to solve the problems of potential environmental pollution, high cost, and high thermal conductivity of the film produced in the existing membrane distillation film preparation process, the present invention uses non-woven fabrics as the filling skeleton to prepare a composite wet film through a sol-gel process, and the wet film is often pressed. Superhydrophobic low thermal conductivity film distillation membrane with suitable pore size can be obtained by direct drying
The use of non-woven fabrics as the filling skeleton solves the inherent brittleness of airgel and ensures the mechanical strength of the membrane distillation membrane

Method used

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  • Aerogel composite membrane and preparation method and application thereof
  • Aerogel composite membrane and preparation method and application thereof
  • Aerogel composite membrane and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0059] Mix methyltriethoxysilane with ethanol and water at a mass ratio of 1:2.5:1.5, and stir at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a uniform sol; then, add ammonia water to adjust the pH of the sol to 9-10 , stirred for 1 hour; PP non-woven fabric (thickness about 0.45mm) was immersed in the sol solution after the pH adjustment, took out and placed in a glass plate mold and controlled relative pressure to be 100Pa, let it stand for 10 hours, and then transferred to Aging in an oven at 50°C for 5 hours to prepare a wet film; finally, take the wet film out of the mold and dry it in an oven at 80°C for 1 hour to obtain a superhydrophobic low thermal conductivity airgel composite film.

[0060] The average thickness of the airgel composite film is 0.48mm, and its microscopic surface morphology is as attached figure 1 As shown, the silica particles formed by sol-gel stacked in the pores of the nonwoven fabric to form a three-dimensional network structure with abundant pores....

Embodiment 2

[0064] Mix methyltrimethoxysilane, ethanol and water at a mass ratio of 1:2.5:1.5, and stir at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a uniform sol; then, add ammonia water to adjust the pH of the sol to 9-10, and stir 1 hour; soak the PP non-woven fabric in the pH-adjusted sol solution, take it out and place it in a glass plate mold and control the relative pressure to 100Pa, let it stand for 10 hours, and then transfer it to an oven at 50°C for aging for 5 hours. A wet film was prepared; finally, the wet film was taken out of the mold and dried in an oven at 80°C for 1 hour to obtain a superhydrophobic low thermal conductivity airgel composite film. The airgel composite film has a hydrophobic angle of 154°, a sliding angle of 8°, and a thermal conductivity of 0.035W·K -1 m -1 .

Embodiment 3

[0066] Mix methyltriethoxysilane with ethanol and water at a mass ratio of 1:2.5:1.5, and stir at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a sol with uniform properties; then, add ammonia water to adjust the pH of the sol to 9-10, Stir for 1 hour; soak the PTFE / PP non-woven fabric in the pH-adjusted sol solution, take it out and place it in a glass plate mold with a relative pressure of 100 Pa, let it stand for 10 hours, and then transfer it to an oven at 50°C for aging After 5 hours, a wet film was prepared; finally, the wet film was taken out from the mold and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 1 hour to dry to obtain a hydrophobic low thermal conductivity airgel composite film. The hydrophobic angle of the airgel composite film is 140°, the sliding angle is 28°, and the thermal conductivity is 0.053W·K -1 m -1 .

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Abstract

The invention relates to an aerogel composite membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. The aerogel composite membrane comprises a non-woven fabric supporting layer and an aerogel filling layer, the aerogel composite membrane has a multi-stage hole structure, the porous carbon material comprises submicron / micron-sized pores with the pore diameter of 0.5-20 microns and nano-sized pores with the pore diameter of 2-100 nm, the thickness of the aerogel composite membrane is 0.1-1 mm, the aerogel composite membrane obtained after normal-pressure drying has excellent mechanical performance, good hydrophobicity and good heat insulation performance, the aerogel composite membrane can be applied to the membrane distillation technology for treating seawater, high-salinity wastewaterand the like, the water flux can reach 12.2 LMH, and the salt rejection rate reaches up to 99.9%. Meanwhile, the solvents used in the preparation method are only water and alcohol, the steps of agingand drying are carried out in a drying oven, and solvent replacement is not used in the subsequent treatment steps, so that the use of a large amount of organic solvents is avoided, the difficulty ofwaste liquid treatment is reduced, and the preparation method is greener and more environment-friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of membrane distillation, relates to an airgel composite membrane and its preparation method and application, in particular to a superhydrophobic low thermal conductivity airgel composite membrane and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] High-salt industrial wastewater contains a large amount of dissolved inorganic salt ions (such as Na + , Cl - , K + , SO 4 2- , NO 3 - etc.), the salinity is usually greater than 1%, and it is a kind of industrial wastewater that is difficult to treat. Chemical, food, printing and dyeing, leather, pharmaceutical, petroleum, electric power, seawater desalination and other industries will produce a large amount of high-salt industrial wastewater. High-salt wastewater discharged directly without treatment will cause huge environmental damage to soil, surface water, and groundwater. With the increasingly stringent environmental protection...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01D61/36B01D69/02B01D69/12B01D71/34B01J13/00
CPCB01D61/364B01D69/02B01D69/12B01D71/34B01J13/0091B01D2325/38
Inventor 郑煜铭王停宇邵再东
Owner INST OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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