Unmanned aerial vehicle quantitative spreading device and method for green manure seeds

Abstract

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle quantitative sowing device for green manure seeds, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural automation. The device comprises a sowing control circuit and a seed box, a quantitative seeding mechanism and a seeding mechanism are mounted at the lower end of the seed box; a seed-metering pipe is supported on a mounting support of the quantitative seed-metering mechanism; a horizontal shaft auger is arranged in the seed-metering pipe; one end of the seed metering pipe is provided with a feeding hole right opposite to the leakage hole ofthe seed box, and the other end is provided with a downward discharging hole; a seed throwing disc is arranged below a disc cover of the seeding mechanism; seed throwing blades are fixed on the seed throwing disc; an automatic sowing control module of the sowing control circuit is in communication connection with a flight control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle and is provided with a selection input end, a current sampling input end and respective control output ends. By the adoption of the device, no matter how the flight height and speed change within a certain range, it can be guaranteed that the unit seeding rate of various green manure seeds within the preset operation breadth is unchanged, and the field seeding quality is practically guaranteed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fertilizer seed sowing device, in particular to a green manure seed unmanned aerial vehicle quantitative sowing device, and also relates to a corresponding quantitative sowing method, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural automation. Background technique [0002] As we all know, planting green manure has the advantages of changing soil physical and chemical properties, increasing soil organic matter, and improving crop yield and quality. It is also an important technical means for crop rotation, improvement of cultivated land quality, and reduction of chemical fertilizers. However, green manure planting plots are often mainly paddy fields and dry land in winter, hilly and mountainous slopes, and open spaces such as orchards and tea gardens. The planting patterns in different regions require most of the green manure to be sown before the previous crops are harvested, resulting in ground machinery. Entering into ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although this technical solution can place the seeds or solid fertilizer of crops in the medicine box, and throw the seeds or fertilizer out through the rotation of the rotating tray, it has the following disadvantages: 1) The size of the leakage hole is fixed, and small particles can be discharged. Too fast and large particles cannot be seeded; 2) The seeds leak freely by gravity, the seeding speed is uncontrollable, and quantitative seeding cannot be achieved; 3) The motor speed is not adjustable, and the spreading width and uniformity of seeds of different sizes Uncontrollable; 4) The fixed plate (3) is located under the rotating tray (4), which will inevitably lead to the accumulation of seeds on the fixed plate during operation, and block some of the seeds from falling

[0004] In addition, the Chinese patent application with the application number 201811196021.X discloses a new type of precise and quantitative unmanned aerial vehicle fertilizer spreading system, including unmanned aerial vehicle, automatic control system, fixed unit, flow control unit and spreading unit, unmanned aerial vehicle and fixed The unit is detachably connected, the fixed unit is flexibly connected to the flow control unit, the flow control unit is fixedly connected to the spreading unit, and the automatic control system is located inside the fixed unit; according to reports, this technical solution solves the problems of complex structure and fertilizer filling in the existing technology. Difficulty, arching inside the fertilizer tank, difficult control, low practicability, small spreading area, low accuracy and low compatibility

However, in practice, there are problems: 1) The control system contains the GPS speed measurement module, inertial measurement and other units that the UAV flight control system already has, which increases the complexity and cost of the spreading system; 2) The additional flow control The warehouse (31), fixed cylinder (32) and stirring assembly (8) increase the weight and volume; 3) In particular, the opening and closing of the switch fan can only be adjusted through the steering gear to control the size of the fertilizer outlet, but the actual discharge The amount of fertilizer seeds is affected by factors such as the particle size, shape and fluidity of the fertilizer seeds, and the pressure generated by the accumulation thickness of the fertilizer seeds above the outlet (the fertilizer seeds in the fertilizer box gradually decrease during the process of spreading fertilizers). Only controlling the size of the fertilizer discharge outlet cannot Achieve precise quantitation

However, the analysis shows that there are still the following problems: 1) It is difficult to ensure the same discharge speed when the seed box and the fertilizer box exist at the same time, which will easily lead to weight imbalance and potential safety hazards; 2) Although the screw conveyor is used for seeding, the seed box (5 ) cavity, especially the design of the baffle (10), cannot guarantee the smooth supply of seeds to the screw conveyor, and the thickness of the material pushed by the vertical screw must be greater than the pitch, otherwise it cannot guarantee that the amount of seed is fixed at a constant speed; 2 ) The stepper motor drives the downpipe used as the seeding device to swing back and forth left and right, which cannot avoid the replay area and the missed broadcast area, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the sowing width, and it is easy to generate vibration

When sowing with the help of drones, due to various reasons, its flight height and speed always change within a certain range. Therefore, to ensure that the sowing amount of green manure seeds within the predetermined operating width is basically unchanged, it is not only necessary to control the seeding amount, but also At the same time, it is very difficult to control the spreading range

Above-mentioned prior art all fails to solve this technical difficult problem properly

In addition, different types of green manure seeds have different sowing characteristics, and the prior art cannot adapt to the sowing of various green manure seeds.

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