Experimental system and method for quantifying preference hydraulic factor interval of fish

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental system and method for quantifying a preference hydraulic factor interval of fish. The experiment system comprises a water groove device and a data analysis system, wherein the water groove device comprises a water groove, a water inlet box and a tail water box which are arranged at two ends of the water groove and communicate with the water groove, and a rectification grid, a turbulence perturbator, a blocking net, a separation net, a tail door and a water circulation system which are arranged in the water groove; and the data analysis system comprises aCCD camera, a telescopic T-shaped support, a video recorder and a data processor. According to the invention, on the basis of an open water groove, a constant turbulence field is generated through theturbulence perturbator, and the preference hydraulic factor interval range of target experimental fish is obtained by analysis according to the real-time recorded upstream movement track change of the fish. The experimental system provided by the invention is reasonable in design and reliable in data for determining the preference hydraulic factor interval range of the fish, can provide help forconstruction of the hydrodynamic environment of a fish habitat and design and optimization of fishway hydraulic parameters; meanwhile, the water groove is convenient to be disassembled, assembled andtransported, and facilitates indoor experiments and field experiments.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of ecological hydraulics, in particular to an experimental system and method for quantifying fish preferred hydraulic factor intervals. Background technique [0002] After the construction of hydropower projects, a series of ecological changes in water areas are caused, such as the natural ecological attributes of rivers such as hydrology, water temperature and connectivity. Among them, the migratory channels of upward fishes were blocked, and most of the habitats of non-migratory fishes were lost, which made it difficult for the original fishes in the river to reproduce normally, and the diversity and number of fishes decreased sharply. Therefore, fish habitat restoration and fishway construction are of great significance for alleviating and restoring fish diversity and quantity. However, most of the water flow in natural rivers is turbulent, and the hydrodynamic environment is complex. Quantitatively determining th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, most of the studies on fish preference hydraulic factor intervals use closed circulation tanks for experiments. The fish effect is often difficult to meet expectations

The fish forced to swim measurement method in the uniform flow of the pipe not only lacks physiological basis, but also lacks practical significance, and cannot effectively guide the construction of the hydrodynamic environment of the fish habitat.

Relevant studies have shown that fish behavior is jointly affected by water flow velocity and turbulence intensity, among which turbulence intensity is the main factor affecting fish behavior, while some domestic scholars only qualitatively pointed out that turbulence has an important impact on fish behavior, but failed to quantify it. Another part of the scholars used the grid turbulence generator to generate turbulence to study the range of turbulence intensity in which fish can maintain their normal swimming posture under different turbulence fields, and based on this, they concluded that the range of turbulence intensity preferred by fish is , but the turbulence field generated by the grid turbulence generator has a small range of turbulence intensity changes, and the experiment is cumbersome, and the experimental fish is forced to swim in this experiment, the generated turbulence field is different from the flow state of the natural river. There is a large gap, the application of the experimental results is limited, and it cannot be used to guide engineering practice

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