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Composite lithium metal negative electrode and preparation method, lithium ion battery

A metal negative electrode and lithium composite technology, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as poor cycle performance, high safety risks, and volume expansion of lithium metal negative electrodes

Active Publication Date: 2021-12-21
SVOLT ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a method for preparing a composite lithium metal negative electrode, which can precisely control the porosity and lithium content of the composite lithium metal negative electrode, so as to ensure that the finally obtained composite lithium metal negative electrode has sufficient porosity and Appropriate lithium content can effectively avoid the formation of dendrites, improve the volume expansion of lithium metal negative electrodes, poor cycle performance, and high safety risks, so that batteries using this composite lithium metal negative electrode have high energy density and long-term cycle stability.

Method used

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  • Composite lithium metal negative electrode and preparation method, lithium ion battery

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] will have a thickness of 100 μm and a surface area of ​​40 cm 2 A carbon fiber paper with a porosity of 80% was immersed in a zinc nitrate solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L. After soaking for 1 hour, it was placed in a horse boiling furnace and calcined at 500°C for 30 minutes to prepare a carbon fiber skeleton material coated with zinc oxide on the surface. Heat 8.5 mg of solid lithium metal (the volume ratio of metal lithium to carbon fiber paper is 1:20) to 400°C, and obtain liquid lithium after melting. Lithium requirements. Carbon fiber paper is placed on the surface of liquid lithium, and liquid lithium spontaneously diffuses to the surface of the carbon fiber paper skeleton and immerses in the pores of the carbon fiber paper skeleton. After cooling, the composite lithium metal negative electrode is obtained, and its lithium content is 0.21mg / cm 2 , the porosity is 76%.

[0051] The above-mentioned composite lithium metal is used as the negative electrod...

Embodiment 2

[0053] Set the thickness to 50μm and the area to 40cm 2 A nickel foam with a porosity of 70% is immersed in a zinc nitrate solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L. After soaking for 1 hour, it is put into a horse boiling furnace and calcined at 500° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a nickel foam skeleton material coated with zinc oxide on the surface. Heat 7.5mg of solid lithium metal (volume ratio of metal lithium to nickel foam 1:10) to 500°C, and obtain liquid lithium after melting. The amount of lithium metal obtained according to the above volume ratio meets the lithium content of the composite lithium metal negative electrode requirements. The nickel foam is placed on the surface of the liquid lithium, and the liquid lithium spontaneously diffuses to the surface of the nickel foam skeleton and immerses into the pores of the nickel foam skeleton. After cooling, the composite lithium metal negative electrode is obtained, and its lithium content is 0.19mg / cm 2 , the porosi...

Embodiment 3

[0056] Set the thickness to 100μm and the area to 20cm 2 A copper foam with a porosity of 70% was immersed in a 0.1 mol / L tetraethyl orthosilicate solution, soaked for 1 hour, and then heated and dried to prepare a copper foam skeleton material coated with silicon dioxide on the surface. Heat 14.9mg of solid lithium metal (volume ratio of metal lithium to nickel foam 1:5) to 350°C, and obtain liquid lithium after melting. The amount of lithium metal obtained according to the above volume ratio meets the lithium content of the composite lithium metal negative electrode requirements. The copper foam is placed on the surface of the liquid lithium, and the liquid lithium spontaneously diffuses to the surface of the copper foam skeleton and immerses into the pores of the copper foam skeleton. After cooling, the composite lithium metal negative electrode is obtained, and its lithium content is 0.75mg / cm 2 , the porosity is 56%.

[0057] The composite lithium metal negative electr...

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Abstract

The invention provides a composite lithium metal negative electrode, a preparation method and a lithium ion battery. The method for preparing a composite lithium metal negative electrode includes: providing an electronically conductive framework material with a porous structure; performing lithium-friendly modification treatment on the electronically conductive framework material; mixing the lithium-friendly electronically conductive framework material with liquid lithium to make the liquid state Lithium is impregnated into the pores of the electronically conductive framework material and subjected to cooling treatment to obtain a composite lithium metal negative electrode, wherein, by controlling the volume of liquid lithium to the ratio of the total volume of pores in the electronically conductive framework material, the composite lithium metal negative electrode The porosity is 20‑98%, and the lithium content is 0.01‑10mg / cm 2 . The method of the present invention can accurately control the porosity and lithium content of the composite lithium metal negative electrode, effectively avoid the formation of dendrites, improve the volume expansion of the lithium metal negative electrode, poor cycle performance, and high safety risks, so that the application of the composite lithium metal Batteries with negative electrodes have high energy density and long-term cycle stability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a composite lithium metal negative electrode, a preparation method, and a lithium ion battery. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, new requirements are put forward for the energy density and safety performance of vehicle power batteries. Although the existing lithium-ion batteries are constantly being developed and optimized, it is still difficult to meet the requirements of high specific energy devices. Lithium metal anode has become the key to high energy density batteries due to its extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAh / g) and extremely low potential (-3.04V), and has received great attention. [0003] However, there are still serious problems in the lithium metal negative electrode that restrict its large-scale application. Specifically: on the one hand, the chemical properties of lithium metal are ac...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/62H01M10/0525H01M4/02
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 蔡挺威柳在律赵晓宁秦士林王龙飞
Owner SVOLT ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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