Fischer-Tropsch synthesis fixed bed reactor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and provides a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis fixed bed reactor. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis fixed bed reactor comprises a reactor tower, reaction tubes with a built-in radiator, a central tube with a built-in radiator, a thermalcouple casing pipe, a reactor upper head, a gas pre-distributor, a gas distributing plate and a reactor lower head. In the tower, the central tube is positioned at the axle center of the reactor tower; multiple reaction tubes are uniformly distributed around the central tube and are distributed along axial direction parallel to the central tube; the reaction tubes and the central tube are divided by the radiators into 6-30 homalographic cavities; the top and the bottom of the reactor tower are respectively equipped with the reactor upper head and the reactor lower head; the gas pre-distributor is arranged inside the reactor tower and installed on a synthesis gas inlet arranged on the reactorupper head; and the gas distributing plate is disposed below the gas pre-distributor and above the top of the reaction tubes and the central tube. According to the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis fixed bedreactor, axial and radial temperature difference in the reaction tubes and the central tube can be controlled within the scope of 2-6 DEG C.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and specifically relates to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis fixed-bed reactor. Background technique [0002] Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a process in which synthesis gas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) is used as raw materials under catalysts (iron-based or cobalt-based) and appropriate reaction conditions to generate liquid fuels. It is one of the methods for efficient conversion and utilization of non-petroleum carbon-containing resources. [0003] The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor mainly has the following three forms: tubular fixed bed, fluidized bed and slurry bed. Among them, fluidized bed reactors are complex in operation, large in catalyst loss, and easy to deposit carbon and blockage. Nowadays, there are few industrial applications; slurry-bed reactors have been widely used due to their good heat transfer effect, easy amplification and convenient temperature control In large-s...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The inner diameter of the reaction tubes of the existing tubular fixed bed reactors is mostly set to 19-25 mm. When it is applied to a large-scale processing capacity, there will be a large number of reaction tubes, complicated and time-consuming installation, and difficulty in catalyst loading. , The axial temperature measurement accuracy of the catalyst bed is not high, the reactor is bulky and many other problems

At the same time, due to the small diameter and large number of reaction tubes, it is easy to cause uneven filling between tubes and tubes when loading catalysts, resulting in different pressure drops when reactants flow through different reaction tubes. This difference leads to different reaction tubes. The difference in the heat release of the reaction, and it is easy to generate a hot spot in a certain reaction tube, which will damage the product selectivity

[0006] In order to improve the isothermal performance of the catalyst bed, for example, patent document CN105148805A discloses a kind of reactor suitable for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis medium circulation process, although it is disclosed that the medium circulation process is adopted to enhance mass transfer and heat transfer, but due to the Fischer-Tropsch liquid The product is a series of hydrocarbon mixtures with complex components, and it is not easy to control the temperature of the bed; in addition, an additional spray system is required in the reactor, which makes the reactor very large and economical

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