Microhaplotype genetic marker for forensic detection and kit thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of forensic medicine, and discloses a microhaplotype genetic marker for forensic detection and a kit thereof. The invention provides a genetic marker combination consisting of 21 microhaplotypes located on autosomal chromosomes. The genetic marker combination can be effectively applied to forensic detection. Compared with the traditional detection kit, the microhaplotype genetic marker for forensic detection and the kit thereof provided by the invention have high sensitivity, accurate detection result and high applicability in individual identification, can realize individual identification of human biological samples in a relatively short period of time, and wins valuable time for solving of forensic cases.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of forensic science, and in particular relates to a micro-haplotype genetic marker and a frequency kit for forensic detection. Background technique [0002] Forensic DNA technology based on the background of forensic science and genetics has been widely used in the fields of criminal case investigation, evidence collection, combating trafficking in women and children, identification of disaster victims and missing persons, identification of civil paternity relationship, etc. The development and progress of forensic genetics History is the history of the discovery, research and detection of new genetic markers. The development of polymorphic loci that can be used in forensic medicine has always been a hotspot and basic issue in forensic genetics research. [0003] Early DNA analysis was mainly restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP). The technical principle was to detect the size of a specific DNA fragment form...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Early DNA analysis was mainly restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP). The technical principle was to detect the size of a specific DNA fragment formed after restriction endonuclease digestion of DNA. For example, point mutations, such as new creation and removal of restriction sites, and reorganization of a piece of DNA, such as insertions and deletions that cause changes in the length of restriction sites, can lead to the generation of RFLP, but this method has a great impact on the quality of DNA. The requirements are high, so it is impossible to analyze the degraded or trace amount of DNA; with the completion of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the human genome project, the short tandem repeat sequence (STR) has become the second generation of genetic markers widely used in forensic science, STR has the characteristics of high polymorphism, and the length of the amplified allele fragment is generally less than 400bp. It is a very mature forensic genetic marker at present. For example, Chinese patent 201610922569.2 discloses a kit for rapid identification of forensic autosomal STR typing. It includes a box body and a flip-type box cover connected with the box body. A paper tray is placed in the box body, and ten hole slots are arranged on the paper tray. The kit of this invention has the advantages of wide detection range, capital saving and Simple operation and other advantages, but there are many shortcomings in the analysis of STR, such as defects such as stutter peaks and unbalanced allelic amplification; single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely present in the genome, and their number It is several orders of magnitude higher than the STR locus, and there are no shadow peaks and other characteristics. It is considered by some scholars to be the third generation of genetic markers. For example, the patent applicant’s previous patent 201610076872.5 discloses a marker based on 21 mitochondrial SNP sites Forensic medicine rapid detection kit and its application in individual identification, the kit provided by this invention is low in cost, easy to operate, high in sensitivity, and accurate in detection results, and the detection results can be obtained through a single-tube reaction, but the polymorphism of SNP is low Most of them are di-allelic genes. To achieve the individual recognition effect required in forensic science, a large number of SNPs are required to form a composite system.

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