Lithium battery and lithium battery module crushing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium battery and lithium battery module crushing method which includes the steps: 1) turning on a gas protection device, leading flame-retardant gas into a crushing box and reducing oxygen concentration; 2) placing a battery onto a feeding mechanism and starting the feeding mechanism when the oxygen concentration in the crushing box is reduced to below 16%; 3) conveying the lithium battery and a lithium battery module to the crushing box and disassembling and crushing the lithium battery and a lithium battery module; 4) turning off the gas protection device and stopping leading in the flame-retardant gas when the oxygen concentration is lower than or equal to 4%, and turning on the gas protection device and leading in the flame-retardant gas when the oxygen concentration is higher than or equal to 15.5%; 5) discharging the crushed lithium battery and the crushed lithium battery module to a material receiving device and performing a next procedure; 6) stopping leading in the flame-retardant gas after production, discharging exhaust in the crushing box by an exhaust emission channel as soon as possible and enabling the oxygen concentration to return to normal. The lithium battery and the lithium battery module can be crushed and disassembled without discharging, personnel security is ensured, and working efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crushing lithium batteries and lithium battery modules, in particular to a method for crushing lithium batteries and lithium battery modules. Background technique [0002] Lithium batteries are widely used in daily life due to their advantages of high energy density, large working voltage, no memory effect and long cycle life, such as cameras, mobile phones, notebook computers and portable measuring instruments and other electronic products. The preferred light and high-energy power source for electric vehicles. However, after lithium batteries are scrapped, they often bring certain harm to the environment and human health, and cause waste of resources; the recycling and harmless recycling of waste lithium batteries is imminent. [0003] With the development of society and technology, the application of lithium batteries is becoming more and more common, especially power lithium batteries and lithium bat...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, according to the statistics of China Automotive Technology Research and Development Center, the recovery rate of scrap batteries in my country is less than 2%, and waste lithium-ion batteries contain a large amount of available resources, such as valuable metals such as aluminum and copper, graphite, and positive electrode materials. It also contains nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium and other heavy metal materials and electrolytes. Once waste batteries cannot be effectively disposed of, it will not only cause waste of resources, but also cause serious pollution to the environment.

[0005] The current power battery is divided into lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary battery. In the lithium iron phosphate battery, the lithium iron phosphate material is coated on the surface of the positive aluminum foil. Decomposition reaction occurs, leading to failure of positive electrode material

[0006] In the ternary battery, the ternary material is coated on the surface of the positive aluminum foil. After the internal short circuit of the power battery, when the temperature rises to about 300°C, the ternary material will decompose and release part of the oxygen. With this temperature rise, it will exceed the combustion time of the electrolyte. , the oxygen produced by decomposition participates in combustion, and a gas explosion will occur in a limited space, resulting in failure of the positive electrode material and damage or combustion of components inside the battery

The above methods have the following disadvantages: 1. Environmental pollution, fire and explosion are prone to occur when waste batteries are discharged; Pyrolysis treatment eliminates the diaphragm and increases the discharge of pollutants; 3. The accuracy of cutting and separating waste batteries is difficult to control, which is easy to cause fires. At the same time, it is only suitable for square batteries, not for other batteries, and has strong limitations.

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