A self-propelled composite rock-breaking high-pressure nozzle for radial and horizontal wells

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-feeding type composite rock breaking high-pressure sprayer for a radial horizontal well. The self-feeding type composite rock breaking high-pressure sprayer is provided with a sprayer shell which is provided with a forward nozzle, a backward nozzle and spiral and special-shaped flow guiding grooves. The spiral and special-shaped flow guiding grooves are located between the forward nozzle and the backward nozzle. A fluid shock excitation device is arranged in the shell and connected with the sprayer shell through threads. Four extending composite rock breaking nozzles are mounted at the front end of the sprayer shell and connected with the sprayer shell through threads. Under the condition that hydraulic power energy of the forward nozzle is not lost, the jet speed of the backward nozzle is increased to the maximum extent, so that the self-feeding force of the sprayer is increased; direct-spiral mixed jetting is adopted by the central forward nozzle, a large impact area can be formed, forward impact force and circumferential cutting force can be exerted on rock in the rock breaking process, and thus the rock breaking speed is increased; and the self-feeding type composite rock breaking high-pressure sprayer is relatively simple and reliable in structure, and broad in application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of drilling tools for rapidly breaking rocks by using high-pressure water jets, in particular to a self-propelled composite rock-breaking high-pressure nozzle for radial horizontal wells. Background technique [0002] In the process of oil exploration and development, high-pressure water jet rock-breaking technology is an efficient rock-breaking method, which has been widely used and researched, and has achieved remarkable results. Hydrojet sidetracking radial horizontal well technology started at the end of the 20th century. It can increase the oil and gas production of a single well and reduce drilling costs. It is especially suitable for increasing production in old oilfields and developing low-permeability oilfields, marginal oilfields, shallow oil layers, heavy oil layers and thin oil layers. It can drill vertical reservoir fractures horizontally to increase the exposed area of ​​oil layers, and can reduce or avo...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled composite rock-breaking high-pressure nozzle for radial and horizontal wells, aiming to solve the problems in the existing jet nozzle technology: (1) The power of the self-propelled nozzle advancing in the formation is generated by the backward nozzle , but the self-propelled force generated by it is limited, which leads to the poor extension ability of the nozzle in the formation, and often cannot reach the predetermined position; all kinds of self-propelled nozzles only rely on increasing the number of backward nozzles to improve their self-propelled force. However, it will inevitably lead to insufficient hydraulic energy of the forward nozzle and insufficient rock-breaking ability; (2) due to the shunting effect of the backward nozzle, the rock-breaking energy of the nozzle jet to the nozzle is insufficient, so the ability of the nozzle to break rock and expand holes is poor. The drilling efficiency is low, it is difficult to form a regular wellbore, and it is difficult to ensure the diameter and depth of the borehole; (3) the nozzle is attached to the lower well wall due to its own gravity, resulting in a large frictional resistance between the nozzle and the formation, further It affects the extension ability of the nozzle in the formation; (4) The close contact between the nozzle and the well wall results in a narrow annular space, and it is difficult to remove the cuttings generated during the process of breaking the formation, which leads to the problem of formation clogging

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