Friction stir welding tool and angle adjustment method based on laser ranging and attitude feedback

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction stirring welding tool based on laser distance measurement and posture feedback and an inclination angle adjusting method. The welding tool comprises a power chamber outer shell. The power chamber outer shell is internally provided with a first support plate and a second support plate in sequence. A main motor is mounted in the center of the first support plate. A motor shaft of the main motor penetrates the second support plate. Moving devices and laser distance measurement devices are arranged on the second support plate. A sliding block is located in a back-drawing chamber outer shell and connected with a synchronous rotating sleeve through a first bearing. The synchronous rotating sleeve is tightly arranged on a stirring pin in a sleeving manner. A boss is arranged on the side face of the head of the stirring pin. A round hole is formed in the tail end of the motor shaft of the main motor. A sliding groove is formed in the round hole. The stirring pin is sleeved with a central shaft. The central shaft is tightly sleeved with a bearing sleeve. The bearing sleeve is sleeved with a second bearing. By means of the friction stirring welding tool and the inclination angle adjusting method, the down-pressing amount of the stirring pin relative to a workpiece and the inclination state of the welding tool can be detected in real time in the welding process; it is guaranteed that in the welding process, the welding tool is perfectly attached to the welded workpiece; and stability of the welding process is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a friction stir welding tool and an inclination angle adjustment method based on laser ranging and attitude feedback, and belongs to the field of welding. Background technique [0002] Since the British Welding Institute (TWI) invented the friction stir welding method in 1991, this technology can eliminate welding defects such as pores, inclusions, cracks, etc. And it does not produce arc light, smoke, noise pollution, etc., and at the same time can significantly reduce costs, save materials, optimize structures, and reduce the structural weight of aircraft, etc., which have attracted the attention of scientific research institutions in various countries. Because this technology has many remarkable features that other methods do not have, it will soon be used in the aerospace field, and this method is selected for the welding of the longitudinal seam of the core tank section of the new generation of launch vehicles. Although t...

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Problems solved by technology

Although the friction stir welding method can be used to obtain high-quality welded joints, in actual engineering operations, there are often weld defects and "keyholes" at the tail of the weld

With the rapid development of auxiliary means of welding technology, the development of robot technology is becoming more and more mature, but the current friction stir welding equipment is generally large in size and weight, and it is difficult to directly install it on the end of the robot arm; in addition, the existing friction stir welding equipment has no measurement control system, unable to properly detect and control the torque, axial force and welding tool posture during the welding process

[0003] The patent (CN 104139240 A) proposes a retractable double-shaft stirring needle, but does not propose a specific method for how to retract the high-speed rotating stirring needle; the patent (CN 104475965 A) proposes a friction stir welding device, a torque motor The stator is fixedly installed in the inner hole of the main shaft, so that the volume of the whole device is too large. In addition, the retraction motor and reducer are not installed coaxially with the torque motor. The retraction device uses a belt for torque transmission, so that the center of gravity of the entire device is not on the central axis , which affects the application on the welding robot arm; if the hydraulic servo control is used, there are more disadvantages such as difficult maintenance, easy leakage, low overload capacity, and loud noise.

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