A kind of breeding method of high light efficiency core germplasm of rapeseed

Abstract

A method for breeding high-light-efficiency core germplasm of rape, comprising the following steps: (1) screening of rapeseed high-light-efficiency materials; (2) screening of high-light-efficiency breeding nursery materials; (3) rolling management of high-light-efficiency breeding nurseries; 4) Directional breeding of high light efficiency materials; (5) Hybrid improvement of high light efficiency materials; (6) Comprehensive identification of high light efficiency core germplasm. The invention has the characteristics of being quantifiable, mechanically repeatable, non-transgenic technology, and risk-free, and increases crop yield by improving photosynthetic efficiency, which has huge potential for increasing yield. The invention can not only meet the requirement of germplasm screening of rapeseed with high light efficiency, but also enrich and improve the rapeseed breeding method; meanwhile, it can also provide useful reference for the development of high light efficiency breeding work of other crops.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding crops, in particular to a method for breeding high-light-efficiency core germplasm of rapeseed. Background technique [0002] my country's annual import of edible vegetable oil has reached more than 65%, which has seriously exceeded the international security warning line; and with the growth of population and the reduction of arable land, the oil crisis will become more and more serious. Rapeseed is the largest oil crop in my country and the fifth largest crop after rice, wheat, corn, and soybean. Rapeseed oil accounts for more than 50% of the self-produced vegetable oil. Rapeseed occupies an important position in my country's grain and oil production system. Therefore, the development of rapeseed production is of great significance to ensure the safety of edible oil in my country and promote the development of animal husbandry. However, the production level of rapeseed has been hovering at 3000-3750kg / hm...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The acquisition of high light efficiency germplasm is the top priority of high light efficiency breeding. In the prior art, the acquisition of high light efficiency germplasm of crops mainly adopts artificial mutagenesis (radiation, distant hybridization) to obtain variation, and adopts genetic engineering technology (transferred to PEPC , PPDK and other C 4 pathway photosynthetic enzymes), screening mutants using the "same room effect", improving plant type traits, activating or increasing C 3 C in crops 4 Methods such as pathway enzymes, the above existing methods pay too much attention to the improvement of single or a few photosynthetic physiological factors (such as photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic enzyme content or activity), only reflect the photosynthetic state of crops from a local perspective, and there are many factors for screening and comparison It is a photosynthetic physiological index, lacking the overall evaluation and comparison of materials; the data used are mostly the results measured in the laboratory, which are quite different from the real growth environment of crops, resulting in a large deviation between the experimental results and the actual situation

Therefore, although the high photosynthetic traits of the high photosynthetic germplasm screened are good, the economic yield is low, and the comprehensive traits such as quality and resistance are poor, so it is difficult to be widely used in production; It is quite difficult. Therefore, after nearly 50 years of hard work, only two crops, soybean and rice, have achieved initial success in breeding, and the breeding of other major grain and oil crops with high light efficiency has progressed slowly.

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